Effects of Different Fresh Gas Flows on Carboxyhemoglobin Levels

Effects of Different Fresh Gas Flows on Carboxyhemoglobin Levels: Noninvasive Carbon Monoxide Monitoring

To observe the effect of different fresh flows (1 L / min and 4 L / min) on the carboxyhemoglobin level non-invasively and continuous measurement and to determine the contribution of smoking to the intraoperative carbon monoxide accumulation.

Inclusion Criteria:

• ASA I-II
• Undergo 2-4 hours of elective surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

• Cardiovascular disease
• diabetes mellitus
• kidney, liver failure
• chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• patients with opioid sensitivity
• morbidly obese
• personal or family history of malignant hyperthermia
• history of prolonged recovery from anesthesia
• alcohol addicted
• pregnant and breastfeeding women patients allergic to study drugs