Chronic Pain After CS in Egypt

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Chronic Pain After Cesarean Delivery in Upper Egypt: Retrospective Study

This retrospective study will include Women who will attending to Azhar assuit, Sohag and South valley universities hospitals for any reason in the duration from 1 May to 31 October 2021, and who underwent elective CD under spinal anesthesia with horizontal lower abdominal surgical incision within last two years.

Exclusion criteria will be refusal to participate, age less than 18 years, recent CD (within 3 months), if the infant had died, and history of chronic pain medications or psychiatric disorder.

Data collection

Participants will be contacted personally by one of study authors. Data collected are consisted of:

• Participants' characteristics as Age, parity and ways of delivery, weight, height, residency, husband smoking status, work, previous abdominal surgery, history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension.
• Last CD related data which include presence of multiple pregnancies, if CD was in private/public facility, presence surgical wound infection.
• Pain experienced will be assessed by questionnaire described by Nikolajsen et al, 2004

Inclusion Criteria:

• Women attending to Azhar assuit, Sohag and South valley universities hospitals for any reason in the duration from 1 May to 31 October 2021, and who underwent elective ceserean section under spinal anesthesia with horizontal lower abdominal surgical incision within last two years

Exclusion Criteria:

• refusal to participate, age less than 18 years, recent ceserean section (within 3 months), if the infant had died, and history of chronic pain medications or psychiatric disorder