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A randomized double-blinded clinical trial was carried out on 40 patients undergoing knee arthroscopy. Patients were divided randomly into two equal groups. All drugs used were injected intra-articularly at the end of arthroscopy. In the control group, patients were administered 10mg morphine added to bupivacaine 25mg. In the study group, patients were administered 10mg morphine and 8mg dexamethasone added to bupivacaine 25mg. Visual analog score for pain at rest and movement, time to first analgesic request, total analgesic consumption, duration of analgesia and adverse effects were recorded.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| group M | Active Comparator | group M 10mg morphine +0.25% bupivacaine |
|
| group MD | Active Comparator | group MD 10mg morphine + 8mg dexamethasone +0.25% bupivacaine |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| group M | Drug | 10mg morphine in 5ml normal saline + 10ml of 0.25% bupivacaine ( total volume 15 ml) were injected intra-articularly |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| visual analogue score(VAS) at rest and movement | visual analogue score(VAS) will be used to measure pain score (VAS score 0 cm= no pain, VAS score 10 cm = worst possible pain) when the patient is fully conscious (0) and at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 18, 24 hours post-operatively | first 24 hours post operative |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Rescue analgesia time | Time to first analgesia requirement (considering the extubation is zero time) | first 24 hours post operative |
| Total analgesic consumption | intramuscular diclofenac sodium 75mg will be given as rescue analgesic when VAS ≥ 4. Total diclofenac consumption will be recorded |
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Minimum Age: 18 years Maximum Age: 65 years Sex: Both Gender Based: No Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
Criteria:
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Heba F Abd El-Aziz Toulan, MD | Ain Shams University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ain Shams University Hospital | Cairo | Egypt |
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| group MD | Drug | 10mg morphine + 8mg dexamethasone completed to 5 ml with normal saline + 10 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine (total volume of 15ml) were injected intra-articularly |
|
| first 24 hours post operative |