Phthalates are a group of ubiquitous synthetic endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Fetal and neonatal periods are particularly susceptible to endocrine disorders, which prenatal exposure to phthalates causes. There is increasing evidence concerning the potential endocrine disrupting for phthalate exposure during pregnancy. Prenatal exposure phthalates would disrupt the level of sex hormone in pregnant women, which results in preeclampsia. The relationship of prenatal phthalate exposure with maternal and neonatal outcomes in human beings was often sex-specific associations. Because of the potentially harmful influence of prenatal phthalate exposure, steps should be taken to prevent or reduce phthalate exposure during pregnancy.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Singleton pregnancy
• Term pregnancy with the gestational age of 37-40 weeks

Exclusion Criteria:

• Maternal systemic diseases (hypertension disorders, immunological diseases) or pregnant complications (polyhydramnios, oligohydramnios, diabetes mellitus, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy)
• Delivery before 37 weeks or after 40 weeks

Eligible participants is female.

The participants include pregnant women meeting the inclusion criteria.