The study aim is to compare the effects produced by two different exercise training modalities on short-term blood pressure variability and atrial function evaluated by speckle-tracking echocardiography in hypertensive patients with ischemic heart disease. 50 males patients will be randomized to interval combined training (ICT) o0r aerobic continuous combined training (CCT) botrg including aerobic and resistance exercises. The training period will last 12 weeks. The protocol will provide two different assessment of atrial function: -acute: after a single session of exercise; - 12 weeks: at the end of exercise training protocols. 24/h blood pressure variability will be performed before starting the training programs and at 12 weeks.

This is a prospective randomized two- arms, single-blinded, parallel trial evaluating the effects of two different exercise training modalities on atrial function, assessed by speckle-tracking echocardiography, and shortt-term blood pressure variability in hypertensive patients with coronary artery disease. First endpoint will be: between-groups comparison of changes in short-term BP variability. Secondary endpoints will be: exercise-induced changes in peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS); diastolic function, left ventricular strain, 24/h blood pressure values, exercise tolerance. We will include 50 patient with hypertension and underlying coronary artery disease, evaluated for entering a cardiac rehabilitation program. Patients that will be judged suitable for the study will be randomized, with a 1:1 ratio, to interval combined training (ICT) or aerobic continuous combined training (CCT) both including aerobic and resistance exercises. Each patient will undergo three visits. At visit 1 in which patients will perform a first echocardiography with evaluation of the acoustic window and a cardiopulmonary test (for excluding myocardial ischemia and for establishing the training intensity); visit 2- acute evaluation- :patients will undergo an echocardiographic assessment before and within 30 minutes after a single exercise session (alternatively interval or combined training according to the randomization code). Visit 3: at 12 weeks all patient will perform a final echocardiography evaluation, a 24/h blood pressure monitoring and a second cardiopulmonary test. Patients of both groups will exercise three times/week for 12 weeks. Each exercise session will last 80 minutes

Inclusion Criteria:

• Hypertension;
• Coronary artery disease;
• Age over 45 years;
• Male gender

Exclusion Criteria:

• Secondary hypertension;
• Significant heart valve diseases;
• Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy;
• Signs and/or symptoms of myocardial ischemia during an ergometric test;
• Uncontrolled arrhythmia;
• Neurological and or orthopedic conditions contraindicating or limiting exercises;
• Significant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (FEV1 <50%),
• Symptomatic peripheral arterial disease

Male