Although it is now established that calcification process result from the joint and coordinated action of different cell types, many areas of shadow remain regarding the spatio-temporal implementation of these events. Highlighting these processes requires additional research to consider new approaches to clinical management of patients with such conditions. It is in this context that the investigators need to use residual human tissue fragments resulting from surgery which are not intended to be used for clinical-biological management of patients. The use of these pseudonymised human tissues will allow the investigators to conduct in vitro cell culture experiences.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients undergoing surgery in the Cardiac Surgery and Orthopedic Surgery departments of the CHU Amiens-Picardie
• patients who will be beforehand informed
• patients who will not be opposed to this study.

Exclusion Criteria:

• HIV and hepatitis positive patients

The aortic wall and aortic valve discarded specimens will come from the Cardiac Surgery department of Amiens Picardie CHU. The bone and peri-bone discarded specimens will come from the orthopedic surgery services of the CHU Amiens-Picardie.

The collection of samples and their use is part of various projects carried out by research project leaders supported by the laboratory MP3CV (CURS, site CHU sud, Amiens). No genomic analysis is planned for these samples. None clinical data is associated with the interpretation of data collected through the work that will be carried out from these human tissue samples. There are no collections per se, the samples collected are pseudonymized.