In this study it was aimed to examine the changes in mandibular bone after functional treatment by using fractal dimension (FD) and cortical thickness (CT) analysis.

In this study it was aimed to examine the changes in mandibular bone after functional treatment by using fractal dimension (FD) and cortical thickness (CT) analysis. The study will perform on 42 mandibular retrognathia cases. The treatment group (T), comprised of 30 cases treated with functional appliance for one year in puberty. The control group (C) consists of 12 patients who had insufficient oral hygiene; didn't take any orthodontic treatment for one year. FD and CT analysis will evaluate for both sides. FD measurements will perform on processus condylar, antigonial notch, and ramus regions in the panoramic radiographs. Paired t-test will apply to analyze all between groups (before (T1) and after treatment (T2), before (C1) and after (C2) control). Also, independent t-test wişll use to determine whether there was any difference between the treatment group (∆T=T2-T1) and the control group (∆C=C2-C1).

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Males and females were matched.
2. Treatment period of the treatment group was 1 year.
3. Observation period of the control group was also 1 year.
4. All groups had Class II malocclusion (ANB ≥ 5) with the retrognathic mandible in the period of puberty and had no systemic problem and impacted teeth.
5. Monoblock and twin-block appliances were applied to the treatment group.
6. Patients in the control group had insufficient oral hygiene and after oral-care was provided, they were taken into treatment.

Exclusion Criteriteria:

1. Radiographic images that do not have sufficient diagnostic quality

The database was taken from the archives between 2017 and 2019 in Recep Tayyip Erdogan University. The study will consist of 30 cases treated with the functional appliance and 12 control patients who had insufficient oral hygiene were not treated for one year. After providing oral care cases were treated orthodontically.