Different Dialysis Modalities and Diet on Gastrointestinal Biome and Azotaemic Toxins

Pilot Study to Determine the Effect of Different Dialysis Treatment Modalities and Diet on Gastrointestinal Bacteria and Azotaemic Toxins

. This is a prospective observational pilot study to analyse gastrointestinal tract bacterial populations in peritoneal dialysis and haemodialysis patients under the care of the Royal Free Hospital with chronic kidney disease who have been established on regular haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis treatments in a Royal Free Hospital kidney care centre.

Patients, attending for outpatient haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis to be tested for gastrointestinal tract bacterial population by taking a single mouth swab, and a stool sample. Additional blood sampling, when patients are having blood tests for routine clinical assessment.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients age 18 years and older up to 80 years
• Under the care of the Royal Free Hospital with chronic kidney disease and established on regular haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.
• Able to provide written informed consent obtained

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients unable to provide written informed consent
• Patients not fulfilling inclusion criteria