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The purpose of this study is to explore the differences between stress, anxiety, depression, mindfulness, mother and infants bonding, salivary amylase activity, and postnatal maternal outcomes for prenatal mental disorders in women with mindfulness prenatal education program
The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of a Mindfulness prenatal education program in reducing pregnant women's perceived stress, anxiety, depression, mindfulness, mother and infant bonding, and salivary alpha-amylase compared to a control group. The investigators hypothesize that using the mindfulness prenatal education program by the study group will lead to improved related mood symptoms compared with the control group.
Randomized Controlled Trial comparing two education programs with health and singleton pregnant women is run by the Random Allocation Software (Saghaei, 2004). Use the G-Power 3.1.9 windows: repeated measures and between factors among two groups to calculate the number of samples, and setting the power = .8, α = .05, effect size = .25. The estimated number of samples may be lost 30%, total 102 samples.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mindfulness-based prenatal education | Experimental | The intervention includes 3-hour classes per week during the duration of eight weeks and a 7- hour silent meditation practice as well. |
|
| Hospital-based antenatal education | Placebo Comparator | Hospital-based antenatal education program. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mindfulness-based prenatal education | Behavioral | Mindfulness-based prenatal education involves mindfulness breathing and other skills with mindfulness meditations. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| stress | Perceived stress scale, that was 10 items to determine the self-perceived levels of unpredictability, lack of control, and burden during the last month of pregnancy. Responses are rated from 0 (never) to 4 (very often), with higher scores corresponding to higher perceived stress | baseline , and at eight weeks (after the intervention), 36 weeks of gestation, and the follow-up at 2 , 4 months postpartum |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| depression | Edinburgh Perinatal Depression Scale, that was 10-question questionnaire provides a valuable and efficient way to identify patients at risk of perinatal depression. Each item is scored from 0 to 3, with item scores summed to produce a total score | baseline , and at eight weeks (after the intervention), 36 weeks of gestation, and the follow-up at 2 , 4 months postpartum |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| mindfulness | The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, that was 39-item is based on factor analysis. The five facets of the FFMQ include: observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-judging of inner experience, and non-reactivity to inner experience. Scoring uses a 5-point Likert scale, with 1 representing "never or very rarely true" and 5 representing "very often or always true" | baseline , and at eight weeks (after the intervention), 36 weeks of gestation, and the follow-up at 2 , 4 months postpartum |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Wan-Lin Pan, PHD | National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wan-Lin Pan | Taipei | 114 | Taiwan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 37525110 | Derived | Pan WL, Lin LC, Kuo LY, Chiu MJ, Ling PY. Effects of a prenatal mindfulness program on longitudinal changes in stress, anxiety, depression, and mother-infant bonding of women with a tendency to perinatal mood and anxiety disorder: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023 Jul 31;23(1):547. doi: 10.1186/s12884-023-05873-2. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003863 | Depression |
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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| Hospital-based antenatal care | Behavioral | Hospital-based antenatal care involves all aspects of pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum. |
|
| anxiety | The Pregnancy-Related Thoughts Questionnaire (PRT), which uses a 10-item scale to measure a person's attention to baby health, labor, childbirth, and caring for babies over the past 7 days.indicated population by Robles et al. It consists of 21 items that evaluate symptoms of anxiety on a four-point Likert scale ranging from 0 = "not at all" to 3 = "severely." The anxiety level was scored using ordinal categories: minimal (1-5 points), mild (6-15), moderate (16-30) and severe (31-63) | baseline , and at eight weeks (after the intervention), 36 weeks of gestation. |
| bonding | The mother's feelings or attitudes toward her baby were assessed using the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ). | the follow-up at 2 , 4 months postpartum. |