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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| The Danish Dairy Research Foundation, Denmark | OTHER |
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Investigators will in a crossover study test the health effects of eating a dairy-based protein-rich breakfast, isocaloric carbohydrate-rich breakfast or no breakfast in young overweight women. Determination of satiety and hunger using visual analog scores (VAS), collection of blood samples and 2x 24 hours food logs will be collected.
This study is a single-blind randomized Cross-Over trial with 30 women aged 18-30 years, each completing three trials. Participants will consume either dairy-based protein-rich breakfast, isocaloric, fiber matched, fat matched, carbohydrate-rich breakfast or no breakfast in randomized order. Three hours later a standardized ad libitum lunch will be served.
Blood samples will be collected (pre, 10 min, 30 min, 60 min, 120 min, 175 min after breakfast) and VAS rating hunger, satiety and desire to eat will be determined (pre, during breakfast, 10, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 min, during lunch, after lunch). Twenty-four hour food logs on the day before the test day and on the test day will be collected.
Participants will be characterized by determining height (cm), weight (kg), and body composition by a dual-energy X-ray (DXA) scan before the first test day.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| High protein breakfast | Experimental | Participants will be served a dairy-based protein-rich breakfast meal. |
|
| High carbohydrate breakfast | Experimental | Participants will be served a carbohydrate-rich breakfast meal |
|
| No breakfast | Experimental | Participants will be served no breakfast |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Protein-rich breakfast | Other | High protein yoghurt containing approx. 10 g protein per 100 g. Participants will be asked to consume 300 g (=3 dl) yoghurt with 40 g oats for breakfast. 1 glas of water (150 ml) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Energy consumption on test days | Total energy consumption on test days (24 hour food log) | 0-24 hours |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in hunger | Visual Analog Scale (10 cm) score for feeling of hunger | 0-3 hours |
| Change in satiety | Visual Analog Scale (10 cm) score for feeling of satiety |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Height | Height in cm | Baseline |
| Weight | Weight in kg | Baseline |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Mette Hansen, Assoc Prof | University of Aarhus | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aarhus University, Department for Public Health, Section for Sport Science | Aarhus | 8000 | Denmark |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009765 | Obesity |
| D015223 | Wolman Disease |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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Single-blind randomized crossover trail with three intervention meals.
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| Carbohydrate-rich breakfast | Other | Low protein breakfast containing approx. 2 g protein per 100 g. Participants will be asked to consume ~60 g bread, 20 g jam and 250 ml juice for breakfast. 1 glas of water (150 ml) |
|
| No breakfast | Other | 1 glas of water (150 ml) |
|
| 0-3 hours |
| change in desire | Visual Analog Scale (10 cm) score for feeling of desire to eat | 0-3 hours |
| Change in ghrelin | in blood sample | 0-3 hours |
| Change in leptin | in blood sample | 0-3 hours |
| Change in glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) | in blood sample | 0-3 hours |
| Change in Peptide YY (PYY3-36) | in blood sample | 0-3 hours |
| Change in insulin | in blood sample | 0-3 hours |
| Change in glucagon | in blood sample | 0-3 hours |
| Change in glucose | in blood sample | 0-3 hours |
| Energy consumption the day before a test day (food registration) | Total energy consumption on the day before the test day | 0-24 hours |
| Body composition fat |
DXA-scanning to determine fat mass |
| Baseline |
| Body composition fat free | DXA-scanning to determine fat free mass | Baseline |
| D001835 |
| Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D015217 | Cholesterol Ester Storage Disease |
| D008064 | Lipidoses |
| D008052 | Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors |
| D008661 | Metabolism, Inborn Errors |
| D030342 | Genetic Diseases, Inborn |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |
| D016464 | Lysosomal Storage Diseases |
| D007232 | Infant, Newborn, Diseases |
| D052439 | Lipid Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |