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The aim of this project is to compare the effects of conventional, burst and modulated TENS primarily on pain level, number of trigger points, pressure pain threshold, neck joint range of motion and disability in MAS treatment.
Myofascial pain syndrome (MAS) is a regional pain syndrome characterized by trigger points detected by one or several muscle groups and reflected pain manifestation caused by palpation of these points. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a physical therapy modality that provides an analgesic effect by delivering a controlled low voltage electrical current to the nervous system through electrodes placed on the skin. Knowledge on how modulation parameters such as frequency, wave width and form alter TENS activity are limited.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conventional TENS | Active Comparator | Frequency:80 Hz, duration:100 μs |
|
| Burst TENS | Active Comparator | Frequency:100 Hz, fr mod: 0, 200 µs, 2 Bps Hz |
|
| Modulated TENS | Active Comparator | Frequency:80 Hz, fr mod: 50%, Amplitude mode: 40%, duration: 200 µs |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation | Device | All groups were administered hotpack for 20 minutes, different types of TENS therapy for 20 minutes, 5 days a week, total of 15 sessions. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pain intensity | using Visual Analog Scale score; (0-10); 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates worst imaginable pain | Measurements will be made before treatment, at the 1st week after treatment and at the 1st month after treatment. |
| Number of trigger points in the upper back region | using number | Measurements will be made before treatment, at the 1st week after treatment and at the 1st month after treatment. |
| Pressure pain | using algometer (kg/cm2) | Measurements will be made before treatment, at the 1st week after treatment and at the 1st month after treatment. |
| Neck joint range of motion | using double inclinometer | Measurements will be made before treatment, at the 1st week after treatment and at the 1st month after treatment. |
| Disability | using Modified Neck Disability Index | Measurements will be made before treatment, at the 1st week after treatment and at the 1st month after treatment. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Birkan Sonel Tur, Prof. | Ankara University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birkan Sonel Tur | Ankara | 06100 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009209 | Myofascial Pain Syndromes |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009135 | Muscular Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004561 | Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004599 | Electric Stimulation Therapy |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
| D012046 | Rehabilitation |
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|
| Hot pack | Device | All groups were administered hotpack for 20 minutes, different types of TENS therapy for 20 minutes, 5 days a week, total of 15 sessions. |
|
| D000698 |
| Analgesia |
| D000760 | Anesthesia and Analgesia |