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In our hypothesis, auricular acupoint stimulation might improve the attention and heart rate variability in archery athletes. The meridian activities regarding the attention and action in Chinese medicine systems might be influenced.
During the execution of archery, attention is the key of performance in elite players, especially in the initial period.
Auricular acupoint stimulation is one of the therapeutic methods of traditional Chinese medicine. It is widely applied in various diseases. Researches had concluded the use of auricular acupoint stimulation on amplifying the anesthesia effect, weight reduction and the cessation of substance abuse. This study aimed to investigate the immediate effect of non-invasive auricular acupoint stimulation on the performance and the meridian activities of archery athletes.
The investigators will collect the meridian activities and balance index with Ryodoraku device, the continuous heart rate record and the scores of the two sections as the performance. The participants will rate their attention and fatigue levels through filling the self-reported questionnaires.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ear-Acupressure Group | Experimental | The subjects will receive true auricular acupoints stimulation with the attachment of Vaccaria seeds during the first round of play. After finishing the first round, the subjects will receive sham auricular acupoints stimulation. |
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| Sham-Acupressure Group | Sham Comparator | The subjects will receive sham auricular acupoints stimulation with the attachment of Vaccaria seeds during the first round of play. After finishing the first round, the subjects will receive true auricular acupoints stimulation. (Crossover) |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Auricular acupoints stimulation | Other | Noninvasive auricular acupoints stimulation with seeds |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The change of meridian activities | The meridian activities and balance index were measured and calculated with Ryodoraku device. (Meridian Energy Analysis Device, MEAD, medpex, Taiwan) The activity will be shown by numbers which were calculated by the skin electric resistance. The higher the number is, the higher meridian activity is presented. | Baseline, one hour, two hours |
| The change of heart rate variability | Analyzed by continuous heart rate recording with heart rate monitor (Garmin, the U.S.) | Two and half hours, keep recording during the whole process |
| The change of Checklist Individual Strength, CIS | The self-reported attention and fatigue questionnaire which is composed with 30 items. Each item ranks from zero to five. Higher scores indicated higher distraction and fatigue levels. | Baseline, one hour, two hours |
| The change of Visual Display Terminals visual syndrome, VDTs fatigue scale | The self-reported attention and fatigue questionnaire which focus at visual syndrome. VDTs fatigue scale is been applied and standarized by Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare survey results, 2004. VDTs fatigue scale is composed with 13 items. Each item ranks from zero to five. Higher scores indicated higher distraction and fatigue levels. | Baseline, one hour, two hours |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The change of motion stabilization | Recorded and analyzed by the WIMU PRO (RealTrack Systems, AlmerÃa, Spain) The bluetooth data will be collected and analyzed to show the motion characteristics. | Two and half hours, keep recording during the whole process |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| CHUN EN KUO, MD | Chang Gung Memorial Hospital | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Chinese Medicine | Kaohsiung City | 833 | Taiwan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3685234 | Result | Hatfield BD, Landers DM, Ray WJ. Cardiovascular-CNS interactions during a self-paced, intentional attentive state: elite marksmanship performance. Psychophysiology. 1987 Sep;24(5):542-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1987.tb00335.x. No abstract available. | |
| 21547837 | Result | Carrillo AE, Christodoulou VX, Koutedakis Y, Flouris AD. Autonomic nervous system modulation during an archery competition in novice and experienced adolescent archers. J Sports Sci. 2011 Jun;29(9):913-7. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2011.568514. |
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The study recruited the archery players in school teams among junior high, senior high schools, and colleges.
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The participants were randomly assigned to the treatment group and the control group. The Ear-Acupressure group received the seeds attached by 3M tap to the auricular acupoints. The Sham-Acupressure group received sham acupoint stimulation, on the same points, but only with 3M tap. The procedure was then switched to perform cross-over study design.
| 33663090 | Derived | Tsai YH, Wu SY, Hu WL, Lai YR, Tsao Y, Yen KT, Lin CH, Kuo CA. Immediate effect of non-invasive auricular acupoint stimulation on the performance and meridian activities of archery athletes: A protocol for randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Feb 26;100(8):e24753. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000024753. |