Endometriosis is a complex, heterogeneous disease that may present inconsistently across women. Using disease-specific biomarkers and advanced biostatistics, DotLab is developing a biomarker test to confirm the presence of endometriosis.This is a multi-center, prospective, observational, minimal risk study in women undergoing laparoscopy, laparotomy or other pelvic surgical procedure for endometriosis, infertility or another benign gynecological indication. Participants will undergo 2 study visits for collection of blood and saliva and completion of study questionnaires.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Participant is willing and able to provide written informed consent.

2. Participant is willing and able to provide up to 50 mL of blood via venipuncture and comply with all other study and sample collection procedures.

3. Participant is a female aged 18 through 49 years (inclusive).

4. Participant is scheduled to undergo:

   1. Laparotomy or laparoscopy for signs and symptoms of suspected endometriosis. This shall constitute approximately 95% of the participants enrolled.
   2. Laparotomy, laparoscopy, or other procedures including, but not limited to, tubal ligation, lysis of adhesions, hysterectomy for benign condition, myomectomy, salpingo-oophorectomy, cystectomy, or diagnostic laparoscopy for indications including, but not limited to, infertility or benign gynecological indications (e.g., benign pelvic masses, infertility, abnormal uterine bleeding). This shall constitute approximately 5% of the participants enrolled.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Participant has a history of surgically determined diagnosis of endometriosis (either via visual inspection or histopathology).
2. Participant is a female in a pre-menarchal or post-menopausal state (last menstrual period at least 1 year before Screening and no other biological or physiological cause can be identified) or has been rendered surgically menopausal (bilateral oophorectomy) for at least 6 months at Screening.
3. Participant is pregnant.
4. Participant has an active malignancy.
5. Participant is known to have tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus or hepatitis A, B, or C.
6. Participant has an active pelvic infection or other infections contraindicated for surgery.
7. Participant has participated (±3 months of study enrollment) in a clinical trial where an investigational drug was or is planned to be administered.
8. Participant has any general health or behavioral condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, should exclude the participant from participation.

Women of reproductive age who have been referred to surgery for suspected endometriosis and other benign gynecological indications.