Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) occurs at a high frequency in southern China, northern Africa, and Alaska, with a reported incidence of 30 cases per 100 000 in Guangdong Province. Endoscopic examination and biopsy are the main methods used for detection and diagnosis of NPC. Early NPC patients achieve favourable prognoses after concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy in compassion with advanced NPC patients.

Here, the investigators focused on the utility of artificial intelligence to detect early NPC, which based on white light imaging (WLI) and Narrow-band imaging (NBI) nasoendoscopic examination. Having access to this unique population provides an unprecedented opportunity to investigate the effect of intelligent system on diverse nasopharyngeal lesions detection and develop a novel Computer-Aided Diagnosis System.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Older than 18 years of age

Exclusion Criteria:

• Refuse to sign the informed consent statement
• Patients who have contraindications, e.g. coagulation dysfunction, drug allergy.

Patients at the outpatient department of otolaryngology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China, or patients at Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center and Kiang Wu Hospital, with risk factors including any of the following: Cantonese ethnicity, NPC family history, Epstein-Barr virus detection, any symptom of nasal obstruction, sense of peculiar smell, blood-stained nasal discharge, epistaxis, ear fullness, tinnitus, hearing loss, diplopia, headache, or cervical mass.