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To determine whether 3D models of fetus' face created from 3D ultrasound will increase maternal and paternal attachment, lower stress, anxiety and depression and have improved life-style choices during pregnancy. Half of participants will receive 3D model and half will receive a picture of 3D ultrasound of their baby.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3D printed model | Other | Mother or Mother/Father is given 3D printed model of fetus' face |
|
| Placebo | Other | Mother or Mother/Father is given printed picture of 3D ultrasound of fetus |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3D printed model | Other | Mother or Mother/Father is given 3D printed model of fetus' face |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale (MAAS) | The MAAS is a 19 item questionnaire measuring maternal-fetal attachment. Each item has five answer choices scored from 1 low attachment to 5 high attachment such that the total score ranges from 19 to 95. The measure also includes two subscales: (1) Quality of Attachment has 10 items with a range of 10-50 and measures the quality of the mother's attachment to her fetus. (2) Time measures the time spent in attachment mode (or intensity of preoccupation) and consists of 8 items for a range of 8 to 40. (for clarity one item included in the total score is not included in either subscale.) | 5 minutes |
| Paternal Antenatal Attachment Scale (PAAS) | The PAAS is a 16 item questionnaire measuring paternal-fetal attachment. Each item has five answer choices scored from 1 low attachment to 5 high attachment such that the total score ranges from 19 to 95. The measure also includes two subscales: (1) Quality of Attachment has 10 items with a range of 10-50 and measures the quality of the mother's attachment to her fetus. (2) Time measures the time spent in attachment mode (or intensity of preoccupation) and consists of 8 items for a range of 8 to 40. (for clarity one item included in the total score is not included in either subscale.) | 5 minutes |
| Maternal anxiety | 7-question Generalized Anxiety Disorder questionnaire (GAD-7) will be administered | 3 minutes |
| Paternal depression | 9-question Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) will be administered | 3 minutes |
| Maternal depression | 9-question Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) will be administered | 3 minutes |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| John Cote, MD | Creighton University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Creighton University | Omaha | Nebraska | 68178 | United States |
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3D ultrasound and picture of ultrasound or 3D ultrasound and printed model of fetal face
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| Placebo | Other | Mother or Mother/Father is given a picture of 3D ultrasound of fetus |
|
| Paternal anxiety |
7-question Generalized Anxiety Disorder questionnaire (GAD-7) will be administered |
| 3 minutes |
| Maternal stress | 11-question Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised (PRAQ-R2) will be administered. | 3 minutes |