The aim of our study is to investigate the pregnancy rates in women with normal uterine cavity ,with and without cervical abnormalities.

The cervix is made up of the ectocervix and endocervix and is on average 3-4 cm long and 2.5 cm wide (Pardo et al., 2003; Mazouni et al., 2005; Robert et al., 2013). The ectocervix is the portion of the cervix projecting into the vagina. It is composed of non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and is divided into anterior and posterior lips. The squamocolumnar junction is the area where the epithelial cells of the endocervix and ectocervix meet (Herfs et al., 2013). In this area, the columnar cells of the endocervix undergo metaplasia to the squamous cells of the ectocervix. The opening of the ectocervix to the vagina is called the external os. Although studies of cervical length in non-pregnant women are few, it is acknowledged that the size and shape of both the cervix and the external os differ in women (Pardo et al., 2003; Mazouni et al., 2005) and vary with age, hormonal changes, parity and surgical treatments to the cervix.

Further evaluation of any cervical abnormalities by hysteroscopy eg. (choronic cervicitis , microcycstic epethelium ,micropolypi , cervical stenosis) before ICSI could address us to a hidden cause of infertility and may improve the pregnancy rates in ICSI cycles with prompt medical or surgical managment of such pathologies.

Inclusion Criteria:

• 1. Women between 18 and 38 years old. 2. An indication for IVF/ICSI. 3. Women with primary or secondary infertility. 4. Women with BMI between 20 & 35.

Exclusion Criteria:

• 1. Refusal to join the study. 2. Untreated tubal hydrosalpinges. 3. Poor responders as assessed by AFC 4 or less, AMH O.8 ng/dl (nice 2013).

All infertile women will be assessed in IVF&ICSI unite of Women Health hospital,Assiut university and will be recruted according to the inclusion criteria.