Airway Microbiota Based Treatment of Asthma in Preschool Children

Effects of Airway Microbiota and Blood Eosinophils Based Therapy or Treatment Using Current Clinical Guidelines in Recurrent Preschool Wheeze

Airway microbiota pattern may related the preschool asthma exacerbation. This is a single-center, randomized-controlled trial, the study will compare the management of preschool wheeze determined by airway microbiota phenotype and blood eosinophils level to the management using current clinical guidelines.

In this study, participants will be children aged 1-5 years who have recurrent wheezing and will be allocated to one of two treatment groups, either current clinical care or airway microbiota and blood eosinophils phenotype based management for 3 months.They will be followed up for one year after the intervention. The primary outcome is the frequency of unscheduled healthcare visit for wheezing, the secondary outcome parameters are events of severe wheezing requiring oral or intravenous steroids, events of emergency department visit and hospital admissions, the changes of Test for Respiratory and Asthma Control in Kids (TRACK) score and Paediatric Asthma Caregiver's Quality of Life Questionnaire (PACQLQ) score.

Inclusion Criteria:

• physician diagnosed recurrent wheeze（at least 3 episodes of wheezing or at least one course of oral steroids in the last 6 months）

Exclusion Criteria:

• Any congenital heart disease diagnosed by a physician
• Any chronic respiratory condition other than preschool wheeze (bronchopulmonary dysplasia, bronchiolitis obliteran, congenital airway and lung malformations, bronchomalacia, chronic aspiration) diagnosed by a physician
• Received antibiotic last 6 weeks