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The investigators compare three ventilation modes; volume controlled ventilation, volume guaranteed pressure controlled ventilation and volume controlled ventilation with pause during spine surgery for the elderly patients. The investigators can reveal that how lung collapse can be reduced by optimizing the inspiratory flow pattern under general anesthesia.
<Protocol>
All patients were ventilated by an anaesthesia ventilator (Zeus, Dräger, Lübeck, Germany) under general anesthesia.
Ventilation strategy:
After prone positioning and hemodynamic condition was stabilized, patients were ventilated with VCV, PCV-VG mode, VCV with pause following a randomized order, previously determined for each patient. Before each ventilator setting was started, lung recruitment maneuvers were performed to set the lungs to a defined baseline status.
VCV 15 min -- VCV pause 15min -- PCV-VG 15min
VCV 15 min -- PCV-VG 15min -- VCV pause 15min
VCV pause 15min -- VCV 15 min -- PCV-VG 15min
VCV pause 15min -- PCV-VG 15min -- VCV 15 min
PCV-VG 15min -- VCV 15 min -- VCV pause 15min
PCV-VG 15min -- VCV pause 15min -- VCV 15 min
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| VCV pause | Experimental | volume controlled ventilation with pause time 30% |
|
| VCV | Active Comparator | volume controlled ventilation (without pause) |
|
| PCV-VG | Active Comparator | pressure controlled ventilation - volume guaranteed |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ventilator setting vcv with pause | Procedure | ventilator setting vcv with pause |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| MVCO2 | minute CO2 production (ml/min), a parameter of Drager ventilator, displayed in the Primus model and software | ventilation 15 min later |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| airway pressure | peak airway pressure (cmH2O; displayed in the ventilator), plateau pressure (cmH2O; diaplayed in the ventilator), driving pressure(cmH2O, plateau pressure minus peak airway pressure) | ventilation 15 min later |
| airway compliance |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Eunhee Chun, MD.,PhD. | Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Hospital | Seoul | 07441 | South Korea |
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| ventilator setting vcv |
| Procedure |
ventilator setting vcv without pause |
|
| ventilator setting pcv-vg | Procedure | ventilator setting with pcv-vg |
|
Respiratory dynamic compliance (ml/cmH2O; displayed in the ventilator)
| ventilation 15 min later |