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The combination of different ventilatory strategies and its effects on respiratory mechanics and gas exchange in patients under mechanical ventilation with acute respiratory distress syndrome secondary to coronavirus-19 has been scarcely described.
Investigation in mechanically ventilated patients with with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) is emerging due to presumed differences with typical ARDS from other origin. Considering these issues, the effects of ventilatory strategies such as positive end expiratory pressure, end inspiratory pause and fraction of inspired oxygen on respiratory mechanics and gas exchange must be studied in order to characterize the behavior of COVID-19 ARDS during invasive mechanical ventilation and choose the best combination of ventilatory settings.
In this study the investigators will evaluate the changes in respiratory mechanics and gas exchange produced by low and high positive end expiratory pressure, low and high inspired oxygen fraction and the application of end inspiratory pause during volume controlled mechanical ventilation.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High PEEP with end inspiratory pause | Other | Applying a PEEP value 10 cmH2O higher than the lower inflection point of the pressure-volume curve of the respiratory system with end inspiratory pause addition in volumen control ventilation | ||
| Low PEEP - FiO2 high | Other | Applying a PEEP value equal to the lower inflection point of the pressure-volume curve of the respiratory system with a FiO2 necessary to achieve a SpO2 96-98% | ||
| High PEEP without end inspiratory pause | Other | Applying a PEEP value 10 cmH2O higher than the lower inflection point of the pressure-volume curve of the respiratory system without end inspiratory pause addition in volumen control ventilation | ||
| Low PEEP - FiO2 low | Other | Applying a PEEP value equal to the lower inflection point of the pressure-volume curve of the respiratory system with a FiO2 necessary to achieve a SpO2 88-92% |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Driving transpulmonary pressure (cmH2O) | The driving transpulmonary pressure will be evaluated between the high and low PEEP condition using the formula: driving transpulmonary pressure = driving airway pressure - driving esophageal pressure (cmH2O). | 10 minutes |
| Bohr dead space fraction (%) | The Bohr dead space fraction will be evaluated with high PEEP between the condition with end inspiratory pause and with no end inspiratory pause application using the formula: Bohr dead space fraction = Alveolar pressure of CO2 (PACO2) - Expired pressure of CO2 (PECO2) / PACO2 | 10 minutes |
| Shunt fraction (%) | The shunt fraction will be evaluated with low PEEP between the condition with high fraction of oxygen to achieve a saturation goal of 96-98% and the condition with low fraction of oxygen to achieve a saturation goal of 88-92%. The shunt fraction will be calculated using the formula: Qs/Qt = (capillary oxygen content - arterial oxygen content)/(capillary oxygen content - venous oxygen content) | 10 minutes |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Patients with ARDS secondary to COVID-19 under invasive mechanical ventilation
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Javier H Dorado, PT | Contact | (054) 114164 4262 | javierhdorado@gmail.com | |
| Joaquin Pérez, PT | Contact | (054) 02245 505907 | licjoaquinperez@hotmail.com |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sanatorio Anchorena San Martin | Recruiting | San MartÃn | Buenos Aires | Argentina |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 32219356 | Background | Guo T, Fan Y, Chen M, Wu X, Zhang L, He T, Wang H, Wan J, Wang X, Lu Z. Cardiovascular Implications of Fatal Outcomes of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). JAMA Cardiol. 2020 Jul 1;5(7):811-818. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1017. | |
| 32348678 | Background | Ziehr DR, Alladina J, Petri CR, Maley JH, Moskowitz A, Medoff BD, Hibbert KA, Thompson BT, Hardin CC. Respiratory Pathophysiology of Mechanically Ventilated Patients with COVID-19: A Cohort Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020 Jun 15;201(12):1560-1564. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202004-1163LE. No abstract available. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000086382 | COVID-19 |
| D012128 | Respiratory Distress Syndrome |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011024 | Pneumonia, Viral |
| D011014 | Pneumonia |
| D012141 | Respiratory Tract Infections |
| D007239 | Infections |
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| 22797452 | Background | ARDS Definition Task Force; Ranieri VM, Rubenfeld GD, Thompson BT, Ferguson ND, Caldwell E, Fan E, Camporota L, Slutsky AS. Acute respiratory distress syndrome: the Berlin Definition. JAMA. 2012 Jun 20;307(23):2526-33. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.5669. |
| 32291463 | Background | Gattinoni L, Chiumello D, Caironi P, Busana M, Romitti F, Brazzi L, Camporota L. COVID-19 pneumonia: different respiratory treatments for different phenotypes? Intensive Care Med. 2020 Jun;46(6):1099-1102. doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-06033-2. Epub 2020 Apr 14. No abstract available. |
| 31577153 | Background | Chen L, Del Sorbo L, Grieco DL, Junhasavasdikul D, Rittayamai N, Soliman I, Sklar MC, Rauseo M, Ferguson ND, Fan E, Richard JM, Brochard L. Potential for Lung Recruitment Estimated by the Recruitment-to-Inflation Ratio in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. A Clinical Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020 Jan 15;201(2):178-187. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201902-0334OC. |
| 31615922 | Background | Tusman G, Gogniat E, Madorno M, Otero P, Dianti J, Ceballos IF, Ceballos M, Verdier N, Bohm SH, Rodriguez PO, San Roman E. Effect of PEEP on Dead Space in an Experimental Model of ARDS. Respir Care. 2020 Jan;65(1):11-20. doi: 10.4187/respcare.06843. Epub 2019 Oct 15. |
| 27558174 | Background | Aguirre-Bermeo H, Moran I, Bottiroli M, Italiano S, Parrilla FJ, Plazolles E, Roche-Campo F, Mancebo J. End-inspiratory pause prolongation in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients: effects on gas exchange and mechanics. Ann Intensive Care. 2016 Dec;6(1):81. doi: 10.1186/s13613-016-0183-z. Epub 2016 Aug 24. |
| 10619793 | Background | Santos C, Ferrer M, Roca J, Torres A, Hernandez C, Rodriguez-Roisin R. Pulmonary gas exchange response to oxygen breathing in acute lung injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Jan;161(1):26-31. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.161.1.9902084. |
| 32200645 | Background | Pan C, Chen L, Lu C, Zhang W, Xia JA, Sklar MC, Du B, Brochard L, Qiu H. Lung Recruitability in COVID-19-associated Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Single-Center Observational Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020 May 15;201(10):1294-1297. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202003-0527LE. No abstract available. |
| 28557528 | Background | Chen L, Del Sorbo L, Grieco DL, Shklar O, Junhasavasdikul D, Telias I, Fan E, Brochard L. Airway Closure in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: An Underestimated and Misinterpreted Phenomenon. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2018 Jan 1;197(1):132-136. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201702-0388LE. No abstract available. |
| 32281885 | Background | Tobin MJ. Basing Respiratory Management of COVID-19 on Physiological Principles. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020 Jun 1;201(11):1319-1320. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202004-1076ED. No abstract available. |
| 19001507 | Background | Talmor D, Sarge T, Malhotra A, O'Donnell CR, Ritz R, Lisbon A, Novack V, Loring SH. Mechanical ventilation guided by esophageal pressure in acute lung injury. N Engl J Med. 2008 Nov 13;359(20):2095-104. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0708638. Epub 2008 Nov 11. |
| 29323931 | Background | Yoshida T, Amato MBP, Grieco DL, Chen L, Lima CAS, Roldan R, Morais CCA, Gomes S, Costa ELV, Cardoso PFG, Charbonney E, Richard JM, Brochard L, Kavanagh BP. Esophageal Manometry and Regional Transpulmonary Pressure in Lung Injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2018 Apr 15;197(8):1018-1026. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201709-1806OC. |
| 7140317 | Background | Tahvanainen J, Meretoja O, Nikki P. Can central venous blood replace mixed venous blood samples? Crit Care Med. 1982 Nov;10(11):758-61. doi: 10.1097/00003246-198211000-00012. |
| 25658678 | Background | Monnet X, Teboul JL. Passive leg raising: five rules, not a drop of fluid! Crit Care. 2015 Jan 14;19(1):18. doi: 10.1186/s13054-014-0708-5. No abstract available. |
| 20820146 | Background | Iannuzzi M, De Sio A, De Robertis E, Piazza O, Servillo G, Tufano R. Different patterns of lung recruitment maneuvers in primary acute respiratory distress syndrome: effects on oxygenation and central hemodynamics. Minerva Anestesiol. 2010 Sep;76(9):692-8. Epub 2010 May 14. |
| 16177920 | Background | Odenstedt H, Lindgren S, Olegard C, Erlandsson K, Lethvall S, Aneman A, Stenqvist O, Lundin S. Slow moderate pressure recruitment maneuver minimizes negative circulatory and lung mechanic side effects: evaluation of recruitment maneuvers using electric impedance tomography. Intensive Care Med. 2005 Dec;31(12):1706-14. doi: 10.1007/s00134-005-2799-6. Epub 2005 Sep 22. |
| 35081237 | Derived | Dorado JH, Perez J, Navarro E, Gogniat E, Torres S, Cagide S, Accoce M. Impact of liberal versus conservative saturation targets on gas exchange indices in COVID-19 related acute respiratory distress syndrome: a physiological study. Rev Bras Ter Intensiva. 2021 Oct-Dec;33(4):537-543. doi: 10.5935/0103-507X.20210081. Epub 2022 Jan 24. |
| D014777 |
| Virus Diseases |
| D018352 | Coronavirus Infections |
| D003333 | Coronaviridae Infections |
| D030341 | Nidovirales Infections |
| D012327 | RNA Virus Infections |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D012120 | Respiration Disorders |