Reproductive Outcomes of Different Sperm Selection Techniques for ICSI Patients With Abnormal Sperm DNA Fragmentation.

Reproductive Outcomes of Different Sperm Selection Techniques; Density Gradient Centrifugation, Testicular Sperm, PICSI, and MACS for ICSI Patients With Abnormal Sperm DNA Fragmentation

Comparing the reproductive outcomes of different sperm selection techniques; Density gradient centrifugation (DGC), Testicular sperm (Testi), Physiological ICSI (PICSI), and Magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) in abnormal sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) ICSI patients.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Female age was ≤37 years
• Female should has 5≥ metaphase II oocytes
• Males having abnormal SDF levels ≥ 20.3% by TUNEL assay
• Abstinence from 1 to 2 days
• Males having at least 1 million total motile progressive count

Exclusion Criteria:

• Leukocytospermia
• Presence of varicocele.
• Known genetic abnormality
• Use of sperm donation or cryopreserved sperm
• Use of Oocyte donation
• Use of gestational carrier
• Presence of any of the endometrial factors that affect embryo implantation such as hydrosalpings, adenomyosis or previous uterine infection
• Any contradictions to undergoing in vitro fertilization or gonadotropin stimulation