The Use of Brazilian Green Propolis Extract (EPP-AF) in Patients Affected by COVID-19.

The Use of Brazilian Green Propolis Extract (EPP-AF) in Patients Affected by COVID-19: a Randomized, Open and Pilot Clinical Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic is of grave concern due its impact on human health and on the economy. Propolis, a natural resin produced by bees from plant materials, has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-oxidant properties, and various aspects of the SARS-CoV-2 infection mechanism are potential targets for propolis compounds. Propolis components have inhibitory effects on the ACE2, TMPRSS2 and PAK1 signaling pathways; in addition, antiviral activity has been proven in vitro and in vivo. This is a pilot randomized study that aims to assess the impact of using Brazilian green propolis extract against the deleterious effects of the new coronavirus.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Hospitalized patients;
• Positive RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2;
• 18 Years and older.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnant women;
• People with active cancer;
• Patients undergoing transplantation of solid organs or bone marrow or who use immunosuppressive medications;
• HIV carriers;
• Allergy to propolis or any of its components;
• Bacterial infection at randomization;
• Sepsis or septic shock before randomization;
• Patients unable to use medication orally or via nasoenteral tube;
• Patients with severe chronic liver disease (Child B or C);
• Patients with advanced heart failure;