The Effect of Aromatherapy Through Inhalation and Foot Massage on Blood Pressure and Stress Response in Individuals With Essential Hypertension
The Effect of Aromatherapy Through Inhalation and Foot Massage on Blood Pressure and Stress Response in Individuals With Essential Hypertension
Objective: To investigate the effect of aromatherapy on blood pressure and stress response by inhalation and foot massage in individuals with essential hypertension.
Methods: The randomized controlled trial is performed with 69 individuals diagnosed with essential hypertension hospitalized. There are two interventions (group 1: aromatherapy-inhalation method, group 2: aromatherapy-foot massage) and a control group in the study. Blood pressure is measured with a digital sphygmomanometer after 10 minutes of rest; stress response is determined by heart rate, blood cortisol levels and anxiety scale. Aromatherapy with lavender oil is applied to the intervention groups; no application is made to the control group and routine follow-up at the hospital continued.
Objective: The primary aim of the study is to investigate the effect of aromatherapy on blood pressure and stress response by inhalation and foot massage in individuals with essential hypertension. Secondary aims;
Hypothesis:
Methods: The randomized controlled trial is performed with 69 individuals diagnosed with essential hypertension hospitalized.There are two interventions (group 1: aromatherapy-inhalation method, group 2: aromatherapy-foot massage) and a control group in the study. In power analysis based on blood cortisol level,80% power, 95% confidence interval, effect size 0.39, standard deviation 3.09 were calculated and 23 participants in each group were determined. Blood pressure is measured with a digital sphygmomanometer after 10 minutes of rest; stress response is determined by heart rate, blood cortisol levels and anxiety scale. Aromatherapy with lavender oil is applied to the intervention groups; no application is made to the control group and routine follow-up at the hospital continued. The group-1 smells sterile cloth with 5 drops of lavender oil for five minutes and is done every other day for three days. Group-2 receives a total of 20 minutes of foot massage with 5 drops of lavender oil for each foot and is applied every other day for three days. Aromatherapy is performed between 07:00 and 08:00 in the morning hours when the blood cortisol value peaked at the highest level and homogeneity is achieved in terms of application.
Measures: For intervention groups (group 1 and 2), blood pressure and heart rate will be measured seven times in total, both at the first interview and before and after each application, 10 minutes after the application; for control group, it is a total of seven times, both once in the first interview and twice every other day. Blood cortisol level is measured four times in total for the intervention groups, both at the beginning and after each application; For the control group, it is measured at the same time as the intervention groups at baseline and on the third follow-up day (twice in total). Anxiety scale (Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) is used for subjective stress response. Trait Anxiety Inventory is evaluated at the beginning of the study for both groups (only once). State Anxiety Inventory, for intervention groups, is applied four times both before and after the first application and before and after the third application; for control group is applied twice, on the first follow-up day and on the third follow-up day.
Analysis: Statistical methods to be used for study data;
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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