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The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of three different dietary patterns on glycemia in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D).
The aim of the present crossover study was to compare the effects of three different dietary patterns on glycemia in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D).
Three different isocaloric diets, namely, a Mediterranean style diet, a low-carbohydrate diet and a reference diet were provided to patients with T1D for three separate weeks, in a random order, and with 7-day washout periods in-between. Glycemia was assessed during each 7-day period using a continuous glucose monitoring system. Participants were recruited from the outpatient diabetes clinic of a University Hospital in Athens, Greece.
The primary outcome was time spent in euglycaemic range (TIR: 70-140mg/dl) during the diet period. Secondary outcomes were: (a) time spent below euglycaemic range (TBR: <70mg/dl); (b) time spent above euglycaemic range (TAR: >140mg/dl); (c) glycaemic variability and (d) insulin needs.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mediterranean diet | Active Comparator | Mediterranean diet for 7 days |
|
| Low-carb/high protein diet | Active Comparator | Low-carb/high protein diet for 7 days |
|
| Reference diet | Active Comparator | Reference diet for 7 days |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary intervention | Behavioral | Crossover dietary manipulation using three different types of diet for 7 days each |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of time spent with glucose levels between 70-140 mg/dl | Percentage of time spent with glucose levels between 70-140 mg/dl | 7 days |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Alexandros Kokkinos, MD, PhD | Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko Hospital | Principal Investigator |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003922 | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004035 | Diet Therapy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D044623 | Nutrition Therapy |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
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| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |
| D001327 | Autoimmune Diseases |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |