Transcutaneous Electrical Diaphragmatic Stimulation in PMV Patients

Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Diaphragmatic Stimulation on Respiratory Function in Patients With Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation

Muscle atrophy and diaphragm dysfunction are common with prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV). Electrical stimulation has been shown to be beneficial in severe chronic heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, its effect on PMV is unclear. This study examined the effects of transcutaneous electrical diaphragmatic stimulation (TEDS) on respiratory muscle strength and weaning outcomes in patients with PMV.

Patients on ventilation for ≥21 days were randomly assigned to TEDS and control groups. The TEDS group received muscle electrical stimulation for 30 min/session/day throughout the intervention. Weaning parameters (tidal volume, respiratory rate, and rapid shallow breathing index) and respiratory muscle strength (Pimax, Pemax) were assessed. The hospitalization outcome, including weaning rate and length of stay, was followed up until discharge.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age ≥ 20 years;
• MV for > 6 h/day for > 21 days;
• Medical stability (PaO2 ≥ 60 mmHg at 40% FiO2, absence of signs and symptoms of infection, and hemodynamic stability).

Exclusion Criteria:

• Acute lung or systemic infection, hemodynamic instability, patients with pacemakers, abdominal distention, and pregnancy.