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Immunization is one of the most significant preventive health measures in reducing morbidity and mortality caused by infectious diseases. Studies have shown that Sucrose is recommended to reduce pain associated with vaccination in neonates. The main aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of sucrose in reducing infant's pain outcomes during immunization among 10-24 month-old infants and toddlers.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sucrose group | Experimental | This group received the 2 ml of sweet solution (sucrose) |
|
| Water group | Placebo Comparator | This group received the 2 ml of water |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sucrose | Dietary Supplement | Participants in the intervention group were given 2 ml dose of 50% sucrose solution and participants in the placebo group were given 2 ml dose of sterile water. Both groups were administered slowly over 30 seconds sublingually via needle-less syringe immediately prior to the immunization injections. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| MBPS | Modified Behavioral Pain Scale (MBPS) is a validated procedural uni-dimensional pain measurement tool that used to measure behavioral pain outcomes. | Change MBPS score from the start of injection and up to 3 minutes after immunization |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Substance P (SP) | Change SP level as an indicator of pain and distress level. Saliva was collected from both intervention and placebo groups immediately after treatment in the same manner and similar time schedule. Saliva specimens was immediately cooled in ice and centrifuged at 10,000g at 4 C for 15 min to obtain the supernatant. | Change SP level from the start of injection and up to 3 minutes after immunization |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Total crying time | The total crying time duration in minute was measured (using the video) from start of injection and to post-immunization Crying | From start of injection and up to 3 minutes after the immunization |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Manal K, PhD | Jordan Uinversity of Sceince and Technology | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal and child health centers | Irbid | 21110 | Jordan |
The data is confidential and could not be shared.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D059787 | Acute Pain |
| D010146 | Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013395 | Sucrose |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004187 | Disaccharides |
| D009844 | Oligosaccharides |
| D011134 | Polysaccharides |
| D002241 | Carbohydrates |
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|
|
| D000073893 |
| Sugars |