This is a randomized controlled pilot study investigating a new intubation method in newborn infants. In contrast to the conventional intubation method, in the new method the respirator is connected to the tube prior to insertion into the mouth (oral intubation) or into the nose (nasopharyngeal intubation). As a result, an oxygen flow is already administered via the tube during the intubation process. Heart rate, arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) and cerebral tissue oxygenation (using near-infrared spectroscopy) are recorded in both the study and control groups during intubation.

Hypothesis

• The new intubation method is safe
• The new intubation method leads to a reduction in the number of intubation attempts
• The new intubation method leads to a reduction of desaturations and bradycardia during intubation
• In the long term, it could lead to a reduction in morbidity and mortality

Inclusion Criteria:

• Preterm and term born neonates who are hospitalized at neonatal intensive care unit, Medical University of Graz, Austria.
• Fulfillment of indication for intubation

Exclusion Criteria:

- Malformation of the upper respiratory tract