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This study will compare the systemic and white adipose tissue inflammatory profile of individuals who are classified as lean and obese. Blood and white adipose tissue samples will be collected in the fasted state to assess inflammatory status.
There is evidence to suggest that markers of inflammation in the blood and white adipose tissue increase with increasing levels of obesity. However, the white adipose tissue total protein content and phosphorylation of proteins involved in inflammatory pathways has not previously been compared between lean and obese individuals.
The investigators hypothesise that obese individuals will have increased levels of inflammation in the blood and white adipose tissue, compared to their lean counterparts.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lean Individuals | waist circumference ≤94 cm (men) and 80 cm (women) and BMI ≥ 21.0 kg/m2 |
| |
| Obese Individuals | waist circumference ≥102cm (men) and 88 cm (women) and BMI ≥ 30.0kg/m2 |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No intervention | Other | There is no intervention in this study |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Protein expression (content and phosphorylation) of key markers of metabolic inflammation in white adipose tissue (for example assessment of Nuclear factor kappa B (NFKB) total protein and phosphorylation by western blot analysis) | This will be assessed following the collection of fasted white adipose tissue samples | Cross-sectional (all outcome measures will be collected within a 2 week period) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Systemic Markers of Inflammation (for example C-reactive protein and interleukin 6 concentrations, determined by spectrophotometric assay/ ELISA) | This will be assessed following the collection of fasted white adipose tissue | Cross-sectional (all outcome measures will be collected within a 2 week period) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
18-40 years
Waist circumference/BMI criteria:
Recreationally active (> 3 x 30 min moderate exercise per week)
Blood pressure systolic blood pressure <160 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure <100 mmHg
Exclusion Criteria:
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Apparently healthy, recreationally active adults.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Oonagh Markey, BSc, PhD | Vice-Chancellor's Research Fellow, Loughborough University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Loughborough University | Loughborough | LE11 3TU | United Kingdom |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007249 | Inflammation |
| D009765 | Obesity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
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| Gene expression of key markers of metabolic inflammation in white adipose tissue |
This will be assessed following the collection of fasted white adipose tissue |
| Cross-sectional (all outcome measures will be collected within a 2 week period) |
| Characterisation of immune cell populations (monocyte subsets) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (measured using flow cytometry analysis) | This will be assessed following the collection of fasted blood samples | Cross-sectional (all outcome measures will be collected within a 2 week period) |
| Habitual Dietary Intake | This will be assessed following the collection of a 4 day weighed food diary | Cross-sectional (all outcome measures will be collected within a 2 week period) |
| Physical Activity | Assessed using Actigraph accelerometers over a 4 day period | Cross-sectional (all outcome measures will be collected within a 2 week period) |
| Fasting Serum Markers of Insulin Resistance (for example insulin and glucose concentrations, determined using an ELISA/ spectrophotometric assay) | This will be assessed following the collection of fasted blood samples | Cross-sectional (all outcome measures will be collected within a 2 week period) |
| Fasting Serum Lipid Profile (for example total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations, measured using a spectrophotometric assay) | This will be assessed following the collection of fasted blood samples | Cross-sectional (all outcome measures will be collected within a 2 week period) |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D001835 | Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |