This study evaluates whether there is a correlation between intravascular injection rate and severity of cervical foraminal stenosis during cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injection

Cervical transforaminal epidural steroid injection (CTFESI) is useful option to improve cervical radicular pain. However, severe complication can occur by CTFESI such as epidural hematomas, infection, inadvertent intramedullary cord injections, and embolic infarct when inadvertent intra-arterial injection of particulate steroids has occurred.

The incidence of intravascular injection during CTFESI was known as 20.6% ~ 32.8% and it is higher than other level of spinal transforaminal epidural injection.

To avoid complication due to intravascular injection during CTFESI, risk factors was should be evaluated. However, there was no study about risk factors of intravascular injection during CTFESI. The investigators could assume the severity of cervical neural foraminal spinal stenosis could affect the incidence of intravascular injection, pain intensity and effectiveness during CTFESI.

Thus, the investigators designed this study to investigate whether there is a correlation between intravascular injection rate and severity of cervical foraminal stenosis during CTFESI.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with radiating pain from cervical spinal stenosis and herniated nucleus pulposus.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pregnancy, allergic to contrast media, patient refusal, and patients with persistent contraindication to nerve block such as coagulopathy and infection of the injection site.