Elastic Band Resistance Exercise on Glycated Haemoglobin and Muscle Strength, Balance, and Physical Function in Patients With Comorbid Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Knee Osteoarthritis

Elastic Band Resistance Exercise on Glycated Haemoglobin and Muscle Strength, Balance, and Physical Function in Patients With Comorbid Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Knee Osteoarthritis

Whether elastic band resistance exercise (EBRE) as a home-based rehabilitation routine can control the glycated heamoglobin (HbA1c) level and improve the muscle strength, dynamic balance, and physical function in older patients with comorbid T2DM and knee OA?

Design: Randomised controlled trial. Participants: Seventy patients diagnosed with T2DM together with knee OA. Intervention: Patients in the experimental and control group were instructed by clinical staff to perform home-based exercises and followed up through phone calls. The experimental group performed exercises using an elastic resistance band with 10 repetitions/set × 5 sets/day × 3 days/week. The control group underwent active joint range-of-motion exercises and isometric contraction exercises. The intervention regimens lasted 12 weeks.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Inclusion criteria for this study were as follows: age between 60 and 70 years; comorbid T2DM and knee OA diagnosed by a physician; and Kellgren and Lawrence (K&L) grade <3 based on the findings of plain radiographs.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Exclusion criteria were as follows: inability to perform any self-activity; DM with complications, such as lower extremity neuropathy, retinopathy, stroke, foot wounds, or amputations; K&L grade >3, hip or knee arthroplasty; history of myocardial infarction; uncontrolled liver and kidney disease; and uncontrolled hypertension.