This is a systemic research of Chinese aortic coarctation patients, aiming to determine risk factors and serial biomarkers of aortic coarctation in prognosis.

The goal is to determine how much the left ventricle remodeling pre-operation and how it changes in the following-up duration after surgery, so does in the blood pressure and heart function. Risk factors associated with complications and prognosis are investigated and analyzed. Identification of novel biomarkers is needed to help predicting the prognosis, such as the left ventricle anti-remodeling, heart function and blood pressure improvement, as well as the exercise tolerance post-operation. The findings of this study will help the investigators developping new tests to monitor affected patients and optimize the operation as well as the follow-up procedure.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Diagnosis of isolated coarctation of the aorta, or accompanied with atrial septal defect(ASD), ventricular septal defect (VSD), patent ductus arteriosus( PDA), patent foramen ovale (PFO);
• Patients who can cooperation with study procedures.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Co-morbidities that may independently affect cardiovascular function, including associated complicated congenital heart disease, such as hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS), interruption of aortic arch (IAA), Shone Syndrome, moderate and severe mitral stenosis;
• History of known vasculopathy, genetic syndromes, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipoidemia or other cardiovascular risk factors.

Patients with coarctation of the aorta, treated after 2002 in Beijing Anzhen Hospital.