Feasibility of Real-time Ultrasound-guided Spinal Anesthesia Using Dynamic Needle Tip Positioning

Feasibility of Real-time Ultrasound-guided Spinal Anesthesia Using Dynamic Needle Tip Positioning

Confirming the L4-L5 or L3-L4 vertebrae level with ultrasound in real time for adults who scheduled elective surgery under spinal anesthesia, and introduce the spinal needle into the subarachnoid space. The ultrasound probe continues to track needle tips in real time by sliding/tilting with short axis view. Check that the spinal needle reaches subarachnoid space, and that CSF is released through the needle hub, and administer the drug.

In this process, it is recorded by observing the success of the procedure, the time taken for each step, the number of needle position changes, NRS pain score of the subject, satisfaction with anesthesia, and its side effects.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients who scheduled for elective surgery under spinal anesthesia
• Age >= 20

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patient refusal
• Coagulopathy (INR ≥1.2, anticoagulant therapy)
• Sepsis or local infection at the site of injection
• BMI > 35
• Spine deformity