The Effects of Different Exercise Approaches in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain

The Effects of Different Exercise Approaches on Physical and Cognitive Variables in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain

Identification of the effects of yoga, stabilization exercise and aerobic exercise approaches on physical and cognitive variables in individuals with low back pain.

Patients participating in the study were divided three parallel groups. The patients in the stabilization exercise group were instructed to perform spinal stabilization exercises, the patients in the yoga group were instructed to perform yoga program consisting of breathing, relaxation and flexibility exercises. The patients in the aerobic exercise group were instructed to perform aerobic walking training. The severity of the pain evaluated through visual analog scale, functional status and quality of life, alexithymia, kinesiophobia, catastrophic pain, back awareness, cognitive function evaluated through Oswestry Disability Index(ODI), Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Fremantle Back Awareness Scale, Montreal Cognitive Assessment respectively. Assessments were repeated before and after the treatment.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Non-specific low back pain
• Must be pain at least 3 months

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of any lumbar spine surgery
• Presence of neurological deficit
• Having been diagnosed with cardiovascular or systemic diseases that would prevent him / her from taking exercise training.
• The presence of persistent severe pain
• Pain below the knee
• Severe/progressive scoliosis
• Spinal stenosis
• Spondylolisthesis
• Cancer
• Diabetes
• Metabolic syndrome
• Inflammatory, infectious or tumoral disease of the vertebra