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Identification of the effects of yoga, stabilization exercise and home exercise approaches on pain, function,stress and quality of life in individuals with low back pain.
44 patients participating in the study were divided three groups. The patients in the stabilization exercise group were instructed to perform hotpack, Trans-cutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and spinal stabilization exercises, the patients in the yoga group were instructed to perform yoga program consisting of breathing, relaxation and flexibility exercises. The patients in the home exercise group were instructed to perform stabilization exercise. The severity of the pain evaluated through visual analog scale, functional status and quality of life evaluated through Oswestry Disability Index(ODI), Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), respectively. Assessments were repeated before and after the treatment.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| stabilization exercise group | Active Comparator | Spinal stabilization exercise were applied all patients additional with hotpack, TENS application in this group accompanied by physiotherapist. |
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| yoga group | Active Comparator | Yoga program were applied all patients in this group accompanied by physiotherapist. Sessions included selected breathing exercises, warm up, asana and relaxation. |
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| home exercise group | Active Comparator | Home exercise were applied all patients in this group supervised, controlled by physiotherapist every week.To make compliance easier for patients; a booklet including suggestions to prevent low back pain and description of exercises, were given. Prescribed exercises were selected in this booklet and checked&progressed in each control sessions. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| exercise | Other | All exercises programs applied three sessions per week, totally six week. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in pain severity | Patients' average resting and activity pain intensities assessed by Visual Analog Scale. The visual analog scale is an 11-point scale ranging from 0 to 10, in which 0 defines absence of pain and 10 describes unbearable pain. Participants asked to rate the average pain levels a horizontal 10 cm straight line on a white sheet from, before and after treatment. | change from baseline in pain severity at 6 weeks. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Changes in quality of life | Health-related quality of life assessed by Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). The NSP contain 38 questions in 6 subareas: pain, physical abilities, energy level, sleep, social isolation and emotional reaction. The scores range from 0 to 100, with each question assigned a weighted value; the sum of all weighted values in a given subarea adds up to 100. Lower scores denoting a better quality of life. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Müzeyyen ÖZ, MSc | Hacettepe University | Principal Investigator |
| Özlem ÜLGER, Asc. Proff | Hacettepe University | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hacettepe University, Health Sciences Faculty | Ankara | Altındag | 06100 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23411647 | Result | Inani SB, Selkar SP. Effect of core stabilization exercises versus conventional exercises on pain and functional status in patients with non-specific low back pain: a randomized clinical trial. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2013;26(1):37-43. doi: 10.3233/BMR-2012-0348. | |
| 25035607 | Result | Nambi GS, Inbasekaran D, Khuman R, Devi S, Shanmugananth, Jagannathan K. Changes in pain intensity and health related quality of life with Iyengar yoga in nonspecific chronic low back pain: A randomized controlled study. Int J Yoga. 2014 Jan;7(1):48-53. doi: 10.4103/0973-6131.123481. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D010146 | Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015444 | Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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| Change from baseline in life quality levels at 6 weeks. |
| Changes of functional status | Patient's permanent functional disability measured by Oswestry Disability Index. The scale is considered the 'gold standard' of low back functional outcome tools. This scale contain questions related to functional activities of pain intensity, personal care, lifting, walking, sitting, standing, sleeping, sex life, social life and travelling.Interpretation of scale are 0% to 20% for minimal disability, 21% to 40% for moderate disability, 41 % to 60 % for severe disability 61% to 80 % for crippled and 81 % to 100 % Bed-bound. | change from baseline in functional status at 6 weeks |
| Changes of stress level | Patients' stress levels were measured with State Trait Anxiety Inventory. State anxiety scale questions how does a person feel in a given moment and situation, mean while trait anxiety scale questions how does a person usually feel without depending on situation and moment. Scale contain 40 questions, minimum and maximum score 20-80, respectively. Scores below 36 accepted as "no-anxiety", between 37-42 accepted as "low-anxiety", 42 and above accepted as "high-anxiety. | change from baseline in stress level at 6 weeks |
| Changes of stress related biomarkers | Venous blood samples were taken from antecubital area between 08.30-09.00 am and stress related markers (DHEA(S) and cortisol) were analyzed. All analyses were performed in the same laboratory. | change from baseline in serum level at 6 weeks |
| 20628332 | Result | Shirado O, Doi T, Akai M, Hoshino Y, Fujino K, Hayashi K, Marui E, Iwaya T; Japan Low back-pain Exercise Therapy Study; Investigators Japanese Orthopaedic Association; Japanese Society for Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation; Japanese Clinical Orthopaedic Association. Multicenter randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of home-based exercise on patients with chronic low back pain: the Japan low back pain exercise therapy study. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2010 Aug 1;35(17):E811-9. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181d7a4d2. |
| 26180363 | Result | Cho I, Jeon C, Lee S, Lee D, Hwangbo G. Effects of lumbar stabilization exercise on functional disability and lumbar lordosis angle in patients with chronic low back pain. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015 Jun;27(6):1983-5. doi: 10.1589/jpts.27.1983. Epub 2015 Jun 30. |