Perioperative Outcome of Infraumbilical Versus a Modified Intraumbilical Direct Trocar Insertion

Perioperative Outcome of Infraumbilical Versus a Modified Intraumbilical Direct Trocar Insertion in Gynecologic Laparoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Laparoscopic surgery is now a well-established alternative to open surgery for many gynecological disorders owing to its faster wound healing, shorter hospital stay, less postoperative pain, and better cosmetic results. Postoperative scar cosmoses is a critical issue for women, especially for young women. These scars may have negative impacts, such as psychological consequences. The symptoms associated with the wound, such as pain, tenderness, and itching, can be induced by the scars

Inclusion Criteria:

• All women subjected to direct trocar application as a part of any gynecologic procedure performed

Exclusion Criteria:

• Verres needle insertion.
• Patients with previous abdominal surgery and scar,
• umbilical hernia,
• previous laparoscopy or previous umbilical surgery,
• burns in the umbilical region;
• who have hyperpigmented skins.