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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Playbrush GmbH | UNKNOWN |
| Flegis d.o.o. | UNKNOWN |
| Middle-sized public primary school Videm pri Ptuju | UNKNOWN |
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The study aims to compare the efficacy of using gamification for oral hygiene in children at home environment.
Subjects will be randomized into three groups:
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Manual toothbrush with electric toothbrush N°1 | Active Comparator | Participants will receive manual toothbrush (Curaprox 5460 ultra soft, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Chomper Chums) and an electric toothbrush N°1 (Playbrush Smart Sonic, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Playbrush App) and will be instructed to use them for six weeks. |
|
| Manual toothbrush with electric toothbrush N°2 | Active Comparator | Participants will receive manual toothbrush (Curaprox 5460 ultra soft, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Chomper Chums) and an electric toothbrush N°2 (Playbrush Smart Sonic, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Utoothia) and will be instructed to use them for six weeks. |
|
| Electric toothbrush N°1 with electric toothbrush N°2 | Active Comparator | Participants will receive an electric toothbrush N°1 (Playbrush Smart Sonic, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Playbrush App) and an electric toothbrush N°2 (Playbrush Smart Sonic, Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Utoothia) and will be instructed to use them for six weeks. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Manual toothbrush Curaprox 5460 ultra soft | Behavioral | Soft manual toothbrush (Curaprox 5460 ultra soft) and Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Chomper Chumswill will be used to brush teeth. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Control 1: Intrinsic motivation | The investigators will be using the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) for measuring the participant intrinsic motivation (McAuley, Duncan, & Tammen, 1987). The IMI will have in total 37 items, measured on a 7-point scale. | Baseline |
| Control 1: Oral hygiene index | The investigators will be using the Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) for measuring the participant debris Index (DI) and Calculus Index (CI) (Greene and Vermillion, 1960). Each index has a scale from 0 to 3. After the scores for DI and CI are recorded, the OHI (OHI range from 0 to 12) values are calculated. Higher the OHI, poorer is the oral hygiene of the participant. | Baseline |
| Control 2: Intrinsic motivation | The investigators will be using the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) for measuring the participant intrinsic motivation (McAuley, Duncan, & Tammen, 1987). The IMI will have in total 37 items, measured on a 7-point scale. | Two weeks after baseline |
| Control 2: Oral hygiene index | The investigators will be using the Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) for measuring the participant debris Index (DI) and Calculus Index (CI) (Greene and Vermillion, 1960). Each index has a scale from 0 to 3. After the scores for DI and CI are recorded, the OHI (OHI range from 0 to 12) values are calculated. Higher the OHI, poorer is the oral hygiene of the participant. | Two weeks after baseline |
| Control 3: Intrinsic motivation | The investigators will be using the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) for measuring the participant intrinsic motivation (McAuley, Duncan, & Tammen, 1987). The IMI will have in total 37 items, measured on a 7-point scale. | Six weeks after baseline |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Oral hygiene knowledge of participants 1 | The investigators will use a questionnaire (Poutanen et al., 2007) about demographic factors and oral health-related knowledge attitudes, belief, and behavior to get information about the knowledge of participants oral health. Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs are measured with 4-point Likert-scale questions; the alternatives were: strongly agree, partly agree, partly disagree, strongly disagree. Behaviors are measured with 7-point Likert-scale questions with alternatives that described the frequency of the behavior. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Indirect influence on oral hygiene of participants 1 | The investigators will use a combination of a different questionnaire from research (D'Cruz & Aradhya, 2012; de Silva-Sanigorski et al., 2013; Ramesh Kumar et al., 2013; Eden et al., 2018) about oral health to get information about the indirect influence on the oral hygiene of participants. | Baseline |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nino Fijacko | Contact | +38623004764 | nino.fijacko@um.si | |
| Gregor Stiglic | Contact | +38623004731 | gregor.stiglic@um.si |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Nino Fijacko | University Maribor | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University Maribor | Recruiting | Maribor | 2000 | Slovenia |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21612316 | Background | Acharya S, Goyal A, Utreja AK, Mohanty U. Effect of three different motivational techniques on oral hygiene and gingival health of patients undergoing multibracketed orthodontics. Angle Orthod. 2011 Sep;81(5):884-8. doi: 10.2319/112210-680.1. Epub 2011 May 25. | |
| 30596050 | Background | Kotha SB, Alabdulaali RA, Dahy WT, Alkhaibari YR, Albaraki ASM, Alghanim AF. The Influence of Oral Health Knowledge on Parental Practices among the Saudi Parents of Children Aged 2-6 Years in Riyadh City, Saudi Arabia. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2018 Nov-Dec;8(6):565-571. doi: 10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_341_18. Epub 2018 Nov 29. |
| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| Official questionnaire about intrinsic motivation which will be used for measure motivation for learning oral hygiene. | View source |
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The study protocol and all data will be part of the published article in the journal.
IPD will be available after publishing an article in the journal.
No special criteria.
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| Electric toothbrush Play Smart Brush N°1 | Behavioral | Electric toothbrush (Play Smart Brush N°1) and Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Playbrush App will be used to brush teeth. |
|
| Electric toothbrush Play Smart Brush N°2 | Behavioral | Electric toothbrush (Play Smart Brush N°2) and Jordan Miracle Flossers floss, Curaprox toothpaste 1450 and mobile phone application Utoothia will be used to brush teeth. |
|
| Control 3: Oral hygiene index | The investigators will be using the Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) for measuring the participant debris Index (DI) and Calculus Index (CI) (Greene and Vermillion, 1960). Each index has a scale from 0 to 3. After the scores for DI and CI are recorded, the OHI (OHI range from 0 to 12) values are calculated. Higher the OHI, poorer is the oral hygiene of the participant. | Six weeks after baseline |
| Baseline |
| Oral hygiene knowledge of participants 2 | The investigators will use a questionnaire (Poutanen et al., 2007) about oral health-related knowledge attitudes, belief, and behavior to get information about the knowledge of participants oral health. Knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs are measured with 4-point Likert-scale questions; the alternatives were: strongly agree, partly agree, partly disagree, strongly disagree. Behaviors are measured with 7-point Likert-scale questions with alternatives that described the frequency of the behavior. | Six weeks after baseline |
| Indirect influence on oral hygiene of participants 2 | The investigators will use a combination of a different questionnaire from research (D'Cruz & Aradhya, 2012; de Silva-Sanigorski et al., 2013; Ramesh Kumar et al., 2013; Eden et al., 2018) about oral health to get information about the indirect influence on the oral hygiene of participants. | Six weeks after baseline |
| University of Maribor Faculty of health sciences | Recruiting | Maribor | 2000 | Slovenia |
|
| 28879241 | Background | Marshman Z, Ahern SM, McEachan RRC, Rogers HJ, Gray-Burrows KA, Day PF. Parents' Experiences of Toothbrushing with Children: A Qualitative Study. JDR Clin Trans Res. 2016 Jul;1(2):122-130. doi: 10.1177/2380084416647727. Epub 2016 Apr 26. |
| 22629353 | Background | Harnacke D, Mitter S, Lehner M, Munzert J, Deinzer R. Improving oral hygiene skills by computer-based training: a randomized controlled comparison of the modified Bass and the Fones techniques. PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e37072. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037072. Epub 2012 May 21. |
| Background | Credé M, Phillips LA. A meta-analytic review of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire. Learning and individual differences 21(4): 337-46, 2011. |
| 28592239 | Background | Pan N, Cai L, Xu C, Guan H, Jin Y. Oral health knowledge, behaviors and parental practices among rural-urban migrant children in Guangzhou: a follow-up study. BMC Oral Health. 2017 Jun 7;17(1):97. doi: 10.1186/s12903-017-0385-2. |
| Background | Soltani R, Ali Eslami A, Mahaki B, Alipoor M, Sharifirad G. Do maternal oral health-related self-efficacy and knowledge influence oral hygiene behavior of their children?. International Journal of Pediatrics 4(7): 2035-42, 2016. |
| 24117628 | Background | Wilson A, Brega AG, Batliner TS, Henderson W, Campagna EJ, Fehringer K, Gallegos J, Daniels D, Albino J. Assessment of parental oral health knowledge and behaviors among American Indians of a Northern Plains tribe. J Public Health Dent. 2014 Spring;74(2):159-67. doi: 10.1111/jphd.12040. Epub 2013 Oct 9. |
| Background | Wilson M, Morgan M. A survey of children's toothbrushing habits in Wales: Are parents following the guidelines?. Journal of Health Visiting 4(2):95-9, 2016. |
| 14076341 | Background | GREENE JC, VERMILLION JR. THE SIMPLIFIED ORAL HYGIENE INDEX. J Am Dent Assoc. 1964 Jan;68:7-13. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.1964.0034. No abstract available. |
| 17453426 | Background | Poutanen R, Lahti S, Seppa L, Tolvanen M, Hausen H. Oral health-related knowledge, attitudes, behavior, and family characteristics among Finnish schoolchildren with and without active initial caries lesions. Acta Odontol Scand. 2007 Apr;65(2):87-96. doi: 10.1080/00016350601058077. |
| 2489825 | Background | McAuley E, Duncan T, Tammen VV. Psychometric properties of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory in a competitive sport setting: a confirmatory factor analysis. Res Q Exerc Sport. 1989 Mar;60(1):48-58. doi: 10.1080/02701367.1989.10607413. |
| 22747831 | Background | D'Cruz AM, Aradhya S. Impact of oral health education on oral hygiene knowledge, practices, plaque control and gingival health of 13- to 15-year-old school children in Bangalore city. Int J Dent Hyg. 2013 May;11(2):126-33. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-5037.2012.00563.x. Epub 2012 Jun 30. |
| 23157162 | Background | de Silva-Sanigorski A, Ashbolt R, Green J, Calache H, Keith B, Riggs E, Waters E. Parental self-efficacy and oral health-related knowledge are associated with parent and child oral health behaviors and self-reported oral health status. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2013 Aug;41(4):345-52. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12019. Epub 2012 Nov 17. |
| 30577724 | Background | Eden E, Akyildiz M, Sonmez I. Comparison of Two School-Based Oral Health Education Programs in 9-Year-Old Children. Int Q Community Health Educ. 2019 Apr;39(3):189-196. doi: 10.1177/0272684X18819980. Epub 2018 Dec 21. |
| Background | Kumar SR, Narayanan MA, Jayanthi D. Comparison of oral hygiene status before and after health education among 12-18-year-old patients. Journal of Indian Association of Public Health Dentistry 14(2):121, 2016. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003773 | Dental Plaque |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003741 | Dental Deposits |
| D014076 | Tooth Diseases |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |
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