Thirty Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complaining of symptoms suggestive of peripheral neuropathy including 12 males and 18 females with a mean of 50.90 ± 9.18.

Fifteen normal healthy Egyptian volunteers including10 males and 5 females with a mean age of 45.67±7.77 years.

All subjects underwent evaluation using 1.5T DTI of median nerves and NCS. Patients underwent clinical evaluation using Neuropathy Deficit Score (NDS), Neuropathy Impairment Score in the Lower Limbs (NIS-LL) and Diabetic Neuropathy Examination (DNE) score.

This is a diagnostic accuracy study comparing the ability of Diffusion Tensor Imaging to diagnose Diabetic neuropathy. This is performed in comparison to nerve conduction studies which is a well established quantitative and qualitative diagnostic test that measures nerve conduction velocity in meter/second.

This is a diagnostic accuracy study comparing the ability of Diffusion Tensor Imaging to diagnose Diabetic neuropathy. This is performed in comparison to nerve conduction studies which is a well established quantitative and qualitative diagnostic test that measures motor amplitude in millivolt.

This is a diagnostic accuracy study comparing the ability of Diffusion Tensor Imaging to diagnose Diabetic neuropathy. This is performed in comparison to nerve conduction studies which is a well established quantitative and qualitative diagnostic test that measures sensory amplitude in microvolt.

This is a diagnostic accuracy study comparing the ability of Diffusion Tensor Imaging to diagnose Diabetic neuropathy in comparison to Neuropathy Deficit Score which examines vibration, sensation (0 if present and normal and 1 if absent reduced or uncertain) and ankle reflex (0 if present and normal, and 2 if absent) with a maximum total score of 10. The grades of severity are mild (3-5) moderate (6-8) and severe (9-10).

This study aims to identify cut-off absolute value of fractional anisotropy that is considered abnormal in diabetic neuropathy. Fractional anisotropy (FA) is a scalar value between zero and one that describes the degree of anisotropy of a diffusion process. A value of zero means that diffusion is isotropic, i.e. it is unrestricted (or equally restricted) in all directions. A value of one means that diffusion occurs only along one axis and is fully restricted along all other directions.