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Nearly one out of ten US adults over the age of 18 currently takes antidepressant medication, which can also treat other conditions such as anxiety. Combining pharmaceutical treatment with exercise may yield even greater benefits than using drugs alone, and this is commonly prescribed for depression. However, little is known about the drug-exercise interactions and their influence on metabolic health. A common side effect of antidepressant use is weight gain, particularly abdominal (visceral) fat, which is highly detrimental to overall health. Exercise is a well-known counter to abdominal fat accumulation. The aim of the proposed study is to compare the efficacy of 6 weeks of exercise training to reduce abdominal fat in healthy overweight/obese adults either taking or not taking antidepressant medication. Twenty-four inactive overweight/obese, but otherwise healthy, adults will complete 6 weeks of an exercise training intervention consisting of three days of aerobic exercise training per week. Participants will either not be taking antidepressant medication or will have been on their medication for at least 1 year. The primary outcome will be abdominal fat determined by waist circumference and dual x-ray absorptiometry, which is considered one of the optimal methods for assessment of abdominal fat.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Active Comparator | This arm will consist of healthy overweight and obese individuals who are physically inactive and do not have clinically diagnosed depression or depression symptoms. |
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| Antidpressants | Experimental | This arm will consist of healthy overweight and obese adults who are physically inactive and who are diagnosed with clinical depression and have been taking antidepressant medications for at least 1 year. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise | Behavioral | The intervention consists of 180 minutes of moderate-vigorous aerobic exercise per week for 6 weeks. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) | VAT assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) | Change from baseline after 6 weeks. |
| Waist circumference | Waist circumference is a proxy of VAT | Change from baseline after 6 weeks. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Aerobic fitness | Fitness assessed via a maximal treadmill exercise test | Change from baseline after 6 weeks. |
| Blood pressure | Resting blood pressure assessed with an oscillatory blood pressure monitor |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dean of Graduate Studies and Research | Contact | (760) 750-4066 | OGSR@csusm.edu |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| California State University San Marcos | Recruiting | San Marcos | California | 92078 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003863 | Depression |
| D003866 | Depressive Disorder |
| D024821 | Metabolic Syndrome |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D019964 | Mood Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015444 | Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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| Change from baseline after 6 weeks. |
| Blood glucose | Fasting capillary glucose sample | Change from baseline after 6 weeks. |
| Blood lipid panel | Fasting capillary blood sample for triglycerides and cholesterol | Change from baseline after 6 weeks. |
| Body mass | Body mass measured on a scale | Change from baseline after 6 weeks. |
| Fat mass | Total and segmental body fat mass measured by DXA | Change from baseline after 6 weeks. |
| Lean mass | Total and segmental lean mass measured by DXA | Change from baseline after 6 weeks. |
| Dietary intake | Food logs recorded over two week days and one weekend day | Change from baseline after 6 weeks. |
| Physical activity | Free-living physical activity assessed over 7 days via combined heart-rate and accelerometry | Change from baseline after 6 weeks. |
| Depression symptoms | Symptoms of depression assessed with Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI). The BDI is a 21-item questionnaire that measures total depressive symptoms. Individual item scores range from 0-3. Individual items are then summed to provide a total score, ranging from 0 to 63. | Change from baseline after 6 weeks. |
| D007333 |
| Insulin Resistance |
| D006946 | Hyperinsulinism |
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |