Smoking and Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein-1 and Initial Periodontal Therapy

The Effect of Smoking on Gingival Crevicular Fluid Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein-1 Level Following Initial Periodontal Therapy in Chronic Periodontitis

A total of 40 patients with CP (20 smokers (S+CP) and 20 nonsmokers (S-CP)) and 40 periodontally healthy subjects (20 smokers (S+PH) and 20 nonsmokers (S-PH)), comprising 80 subjects, were included in this study. Baseline GCF samples were obtained from all subjects and clinical periodontal measurements, including probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque index (PI), and gingival index (GI), were recorded. In patients who had received initial periodontal therapy, GCF samples were obtained and all clinical periodontal measurements were recorded again during the 6th-8th weeks. GCF PGRP-1 levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are one of the antimicrobial peptides that play a role in innate immunity and act against the bacterial cell wall. Smoking is the most important environmental risk factor for periodontitis. This study determined the effect of smoking on PGRP-1 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in smokers and nonsmokers with chronic periodontitis (CP) following initial periodontal therapy.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Clinical diagnosis of severe chronic periodontitis
• Clinical diagnosis of periodontal health

Exclusion Criteria:

• have any systemic disease,
• to be alcohol consumer,
• to receive any periodontal therapy in the past 6 months,
• to take any drugs regularly
• to be pregnant and/or lactate.