Halitosis During Active Orthodontic Treatment

The Efficacy of Different Methods of Teeth Cleaning on the Levels of Volatile Sulfur Compounds in Patients With Orthodontic Fixed Appliances

To determine the effect of different cleaning methods and devices in reducing halitosis during active orthodontic treatment.

. Observer - blind clinical trial, randomly divided into four groups, A, B, C and D. each group will undergo clinical evaluation and oral malodor assessment and they will be assigned electric or manual toothbrushes with super floss or water floss respectively.clinical evaluation will include plaque index (PI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), bracket index.and halitosis will be measured by halimeter .

Measurements and time frame: Initial measurements (T0), after two weeks (T1), and after four weeks (T2) ( according to previous studies that uses the same period of time for measurements),17, 18 plaque index (PI), gingival bleeding index (GBI), bracket index and halimeter reading .

During the first week after the start of the study (T0)

Inclusion Criteria:

1. participants with fixed orthodontic appliance.
2. participants age 14 years and above and didn't have mental of physical disabilities.
3. participants willing to comply with given oral hygiene instructions.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. patients with mental retardation.
2. patients with systematic diseases.