Effects of a Motor Imagery Exercise Protocol in Patients With Fibromyalgia

Effects of a Motor Imagery Exercise Protocol on Chronic Pain and Emotional Distress in Patients With Fibromyalgia: a Pilot Study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a novel approach with a motor imagery-based exercise program versus conventional rehabilitative approach in fibromyalgia syndrome (FM): reduction of pain was set as the primary outcome.

Evidence about the therapeutic efficacy of exercise intervention programs in FM is still low and many authors suggested improving standardized exercise prescription for FM to achieve optimal results. In the literature, as an alternative approach, rehabilitative protocols in Group Music and Imagery seem to improve well-being and reduce anxiety in women with FM and suggest that Music and Imagery may help diminish pain intensity and depression. A rehabilitative approach should also consider the psychological and emotional aspects and, when possible, be accompanied by cognitive-behavioral therapy. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the possible efficacy of a novel approach with a motor imagery-based exercise program versus conventional rehabilitative approach in FM syndrome: the reduction of pain was set as the primary outcome as well as taking into account the patient's psychological and emotional condition. This study was designed as a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial.

Inclusion Criteria:

• experienced widespread pain for more than 3 months
• pain with 4 kg/cm2 pressure at 11 or more of the 18 tender points
• aged 18 to 60 years
• pharmacological therapeutic regimen must have been stable for at least three months before

Exclusion Criteria:

• pregnant women
• pacemaker wearers
• overlapping painful conditions
• presence of autoimmune or hematologic diseases
• psychiatric disorders in pharmacological and psychological treatment
• other causes of chronic pain
• other diseases such as epilepsy, tumors, major neurological problems and diabetes