Dexmedetomidine Added to Bupivacaine Versus Bupivacaine inTransincisionalU/S Guided Quadratus Lumborum Block in Open Renal Surgeries , A New Technique

Dexmedetomidine Added to Bupivacaine Versus Bupivacaine inTransincisionalU/S Guided Quadratus Lumborum Block in Open Renal Surgeries , A New Technique :Prospective, Randomized Double- Blinded Study

The purpose of this study is to compare the addition of dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine versus bupivacaine only in anterior QLblock(transincisional) , where the local anesthetic will be applied before wound closure at the end of surgery through the wound . in combination with general anesthesia in elective open renal surgery with regard to Postoperative pain control,hemodynamic stability, and adverse effects.

Inclusion Criteria:

• physical status American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) I or II

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients refusal
• A body mass index (BMI) >30 kg/m2
• ASA physical status >II
• major illnesses (e.g., cardiac, respiratory, renal, hepatic or neurological)
• Coagulation abnormalities
• Infection at the injection site
• Allergy or contraindications to the drugs used in the study
• History of drug addiction or alcohol abuse
• A psychiatric illness, or mental retardation interfering with the evaluation of pain scores or PCA programs .