Participants in sub-acute and chronic phases post-stroke (>1 month post-stroke) will be recruited for participation in this study.

Even age distributions will be recruited in the adult control group, stratified under 40 years old and over 40 years old.

Non-invasive brain activity will be measured with electroencephalography (EEG). EEG uses scalp sensors to monitor the brain's electrical activity. EEG sensors are placed on the scalp and passively record neural activity with high time resolution.

EEG uses scalp sensors to monitor the brain's electrical activity. EEG sensors are placed on the scalp and passively record neural activity with high time resolution. The principal recording system for this study will be a 32-channel g.Nautilus EEG system (g.tec medical engineering). Secondary recording systems may be used: 8-channel g.Nautilus EEG system (g.tec medical engineering) and 64-channel, high-density BrainAmp EEG system (BrainProducts).Participants will be seated while wearing the EEG cap and asked to sit quietly with either eyes open (with a fixation dot or cross to reduce eye movements) or eyes closed. Resting state recordings will be approximately 5-10 minutes in length.

While completing EEG scans, participants will be asked to execute simple motor movements. . Study will focus on finger tapping task (with mouse-like button for recording movement timing). Participants will be asked to complete self-paced movements with approximately 10-15 second inter-trial spacing. Recording will occur in two-minute intervals, followed by a rest period, repeated until approximately 40 trials have been collected. Other motor movements, such as flexion of the upper limbs or flexion of the lower limbs, may also be considered. During EEG recordings changes in motor oscillations (alpha, beta, & gamma range) will be analyzed. During EMG recordings, muscle tonicity/spasticity and functional firing patterns will be analyzed.

During EEG recording participants could be asked to engage in mental imagery of motor movements stated above. Here, potential changes in oscillatory patterns in the motor cortex will be measured and detected.

The Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT) quantifies upper extremity motor ability using timed functional tasks.

The Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) is a performance-based impairment index designed to assess motor functioning, balance, sensation and joint functioning in patients with post-stroke hemiplegia.