UB levels were measured in 2/3 of the samples before the pandemic closed the analytic laboratory, and the other 1/3 were assessed post-pandemic 1.5 years later. The UB data are invalid due to an issue associated with the delay, that is, the UB measurement device developed by the bench scientist colleagues was recalibrated in the interim such that the UB results pre vs post recalibration are incomparable.

Data were not collected for 1 participant in the Intralipid arm.

UB levels were measured in 2/3 of the samples before the pandemic closed the analytic laboratory, and the other 1/3 were assessed post-pandemic 1.5 years later. The UB data are invalid due to an issue associated with the delay, that is, the UB measurement device developed by the bench scientist colleagues was recalibrated in the interim such that the UB results pre vs post recalibration are incomparable.

To measure unbound free fatty acid level, a fluorescent probe called Acrylodan-Labeled Intestinal Fatty Acid Binding Protein 2 (ADIFAB2) was used. The ADIFAB2 fluorescent probe is a fatty acid binding protein complexed with a fluorescent group. Once mixed with a sample, the ADIFAB2 fluorescent probe binds all unbound free fatty acid in the sample; therefore, measurement of fluorescence indicates the amount of unbound free fatty acid in the sample. After binding of the ADIFAB2 fluorescent probe to the sample, fluorescence intensities are measured at two wavelengths (550 nanometers and 457 nanometers), and for this outcome measure the R value is reported. The R value is the ratio of the fluorescence intensity at 550 nanometers to the fluorescence intensity at 457 nanometers.

FFAu levels were measured in 2/3 of the samples before the pandemic closed the analytic laboratory, and the other 1/3 were assessed post-pandemic 1.5 years later. The FFAu data are invalid due to an issue associated with the delay, that is, there was severe sample degradation of the FFAu samples that were measured post-pandemic due to prolonged freezing and refreezing-rethawing.

To measure unbound free fatty acid level, a fluorescent probe called ADIFAB2 was used. The ADIFAB2 fluorescent probe is a fatty acid binding protein complexed with a fluorescent group. Once mixed with a sample, the ADIFAB2 fluorescent probe binds all unbound free fatty acid in the sample; therefore, measurement of fluorescence indicates the amount of unbound free fatty acid in the sample. After binding of the ADIFAB2 fluorescent probe to the sample, fluorescence intensities are measured at two wavelengths (550 nanometers and 457 nanometers), and for this outcome measure the R value is reported. The R value is the ratio of the fluorescence intensity at 550 nanometers to the fluorescence intensity at 457 nanometers.

FFAu levels were measured in 2/3 of the samples before the pandemic closed the analytic laboratory, and the other 1/3 were assessed post-pandemic 1.5 years later. The FFAu data are invalid due to an issue associated with the delay, that is, there was severe sample degradation of the FFAu samples that were measured post-pandemic due to prolonged freezing and refreezing-rethawing.

Data were not collected for this outcome measure.

Data are reported for all who had 1 or 2 days of infusion of 3 g/kg/day.

Of those who had 1 or 2 days of infusion of 3 g/kg/day, data were not collected for 1 participant in the Intralipid arm, and data were not collected for 2 participants in the SMOF lipid arm.

Of those who had infusion of 3 g/kg/day on the first day, data were not collected for 1 participant in the Intralipid arm, and data were not collected for 2 participants in the SMOF lipid arm.

Of those who had infusion of 3 g/kg/day for two days, data were not collected for 14 participants in the Intralipid arm, and data were not collected for 13 participants in the SMOF arm.