Comparison Between Lingual and Labial Fixed Orthodontic Appliances in the Treatment of Crowding Cases

Assessment of Dentoalveolar Changes Resulting From Orthodontic Treatment of Crowding With Fixed Lingual Orthodontic Appliances Versus Fixed Labial Orthodontic Appliances. 'A Clinical Randomized Controlled Trial

Patients who have moderate crowding that could be treated without extraction will be treated in this study using either lingual or labial fixed orthodontic appliances. All patients will receive a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan in two different times (T0: before treatment, T1: after treatment). The dentoalveolar changes will be assessed.

Lingual orthodontic appliances provide an ultimate esthetic solution for patients who do not want visible orthodontic appliances. Recently, lingual orthodontic treatment outcomes have become similar and comparable to those produced with labial orthodontic treatment. However, placement of orthodontic brackets on the lingual surfaces of teeth causes changes in their morphology, which results in articulation problems, chewing difficulties, tongue irritation and other impairments. In this respect, the main difference between the labial and lingual techniques is the distance between the point of application of the force that is transmitted through the bracket and the centre of resistance of the tooth. Consequently, the displacement and stress induced in bone by these two techniques will also differ, and these need to be evaluated so that useful comparisons can be made between these two techniques. Patients who have moderate crowding that could be treated without extraction will be treated in this study using either lingual or labial fixed orthodontic appliances. All patients will receive a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan in two different times (T0: before treatment, T1: after treatment). The dentoalveolar changes will be assessed.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Class I malocclusion.
• Moderate crowding in the dental arch (3 to 5-mm tooth-size arch-length discrepancy).

Exclusion Criteria:

• Inappropriate oral hygiene and periodontal diseases.
• Previous orthodontic treatment.
• Craniofacial syndromes, cleft lip and/or palate (soft and/or hard).
• Subject with systemic diseases.