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The central research question aims to understand what drives individuals to make and maintain a vegan / vegetarian dietary decision, to investigate whether there are possible predictors that might influence such a decision and whether personality differences already exist or can only be measured after the change in diet. The investigators will examine the effects of a high-fiber diet on food wanting on a neural and on a behavioral level. The microbiome is suggested to mediate the expected changes in food wanting.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| inulin | Active Comparator |
| |
| maltodextrin | Placebo Comparator |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| inulin | Dietary Supplement | prebiotic supplement |
| |
| maltodextrin |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| fMRI BOLD activity during food wanting | 14 days | |
| microbial alpha and beta diversity | The taxonomic structure of the microbial community will be determined using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The reads from the sequencing data will be assigned to taxa by sequence similarity using puplic available data bases. Relative distribution of microbial taxa is then based on the number of reads assigned to each taxa. For the description of the the community the alpha diversity of each sample will be determined based on species richness, evenness of species distribution which is combined in the single value of the Shannon diversity index. Furthermore beta-diversity, how the microbial communities differ between sample, will be analysed by principal component analysis as well as non-metric multidimensional scaling. In addition, for each taxa significant difference between sample groups will be assessed by comparing the relative number of reads. | 14 days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| fMRI BOLD activity memory performance | 14 days | |
| positive and negative affect | PANAS (Positive and Negative Affect Schedule); scores can range from 10 - 50, with higher (lower) scores representing higher (lower) levels of positive (negative) affect |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences | Leipzig | Saxony | 04103 | Germany |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 37793780 | Derived | Medawar E, Beyer F, Thieleking R, Haange SB, Rolle-Kampczyk U, Reinicke M, Chakaroun R, von Bergen M, Stumvoll M, Villringer A, Witte AV. Prebiotic diet changes neural correlates of food decision-making in overweight adults: a randomised controlled within-subject cross-over trial. Gut. 2024 Jan 5;73(2):298-310. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330365. | |
| 34599144 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D050177 | Overweight |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D001835 | Body Weight |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007444 | Inulin |
| C008315 | maltodextrin |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013213 | Starch |
| D005936 | Glucans |
| D001704 | Biopolymers |
| D011108 | Polymers |
| D046911 |
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Arm 1: inulin; minimum of 14 days wash-out; 14 days placebo Arm 2: 14 days placebo; minimum of 14 days wash-out; 14 days placebo
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| Dietary Supplement |
placebo supplement |
|
| 14 days |
| mood | POMS (Profile of Mood States); four scales (Depression/Anxiety, Fatigue, Vigor, Anger), 35 items, 7 point scale, instruction "How you have been feeling during the past 24 hours?" | 14 days |
| emotional health | BDI-II (Beck Depression Inventory); score minimum 0 to maximum 21 | 14 days |
| well-being | WHO-5 (World Health Organization Well-Being Index); measures life quality and life contentment; score minimum 0 to maximum 5 with higher score representing higher life quality and life contentment | 14 days |
| satiety | self-reported hunger scale; visual analogue scale; score minimum 0 to maximum 8 | 14 days |
| serum lipid metabolism markers | total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein | 14 days |
| serum glucose metabolism markers | glucose, insulin | 14 days |
| serum glucose metabolism markers | long-term glucose marker HbA1C | 14 days |
| serum inflammatory markers | high sensitivity C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 | 14 days |
| hunger hormones | leptin, ghrelin, Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY | 14 days |
| serum microbial metabolic markers | short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), bile acids | 14 days |
| personality traits | BFMM (BIG FIVE Mine Marker); measures the Big Five personality traits as states; 5 subscales (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness); higher scores means being more extreme for a certain state | 14 days |
| gastrointestinal health | GQLI-10 (Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index); 10 items to measure quality of life regarding gastrointestinal symptoms; the higher the score the stronger the symptoms | 14 days |
| Medawar E, Haange SB, Rolle-Kampczyk U, Engelmann B, Dietrich A, Thieleking R, Wiegank C, Fries C, Horstmann A, Villringer A, von Bergen M, Fenske W, Veronica Witte A. Gut microbiota link dietary fiber intake and short-chain fatty acid metabolism with eating behavior. Transl Psychiatry. 2021 Oct 1;11(1):500. doi: 10.1038/s41398-021-01620-3. |
| D012816 |
| Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| Macromolecular Substances |
| D004040 | Dietary Carbohydrates |
| D002241 | Carbohydrates |
| D005630 | Fructans |
| D011134 | Polysaccharides |