Is it Possible to Replace Fentanyl in Anesthesia for Minor Procedures?

Is it Possible to Replace Fentanyl by Non Narcotic Medication for Induction and Maintenance of Anesthesia in Minor Procedures?

To compare between fentanyl group and ketamine lidocaine group for induction of anesthesia as regards hemodynamics and smooth intubation.

Two groups each with 60 patients Group I anesthesia initiated by propofol, fentanyl and cisatracurium. Group II anesthesia initiated by ketamine, lidocaine, propofol and cisatracurium.

Inclusion Criteria:

• ASA I and II between
• Age between 18-55 years
• Undergoing minor surgical procedure less than an hour.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with hypertension
• Patients with Ischemic heart diseases
• Patients with chronic renal or liver diseases