Electrical stimulation will be applied by a pen electrode (model: 2762CC; Chattanooga) to the median nerve (pulse duration - 200 microseconds) at wrist level. Current supply start at 0 milli-ampere and will be increased in steps of 0.1 milli-ampere, until the participant report sensation and pain. The intensity of current (in milli-ampere) at which perception of the electrical stimulus first reported will be taken as sensory threshold; the intensity of current (in milli-ampere) at which participants first reported pain will be taken as pain threshold. These measurements will be averaged for analysis. Both sides will be assessed and compared. The lower the intensity of current (in milli-ampere) perceived, the worse the threshold, while the higher the intensity of current (in milli-ampere) perceived, the better the threshold.

Electrical stimulation will be applied by a pen electrode (model: 2762CC; Chattanooga) to the median nerve (pulse duration - 200 microseconds) at wrist level. Current supply start at 0 milli-ampere and will be increased in steps of 0.1 milli-ampere, until the participant report sensation and pain. The intensity of current (in milli-ampere) at which perception of the electrical stimulus first reported will be taken as sensory threshold; the intensity of current (in milli-ampere) at which participants first reported pain will be taken as pain threshold. These measurements will be averaged for analysis. Both sides will be assessed and compared. The lower the intensity of current (in milli-ampere) perceived, the worse the threshold, while the higher the intensity of current (in milli-ampere) perceived, the better the threshold.

Pressure will be induced using a pressure algometer (PainTest™ FPN 100 Algometer (Wagner Instruments, Greenwich, USA)) with a flat circular metal probe dressed in a rubber cover with a surface area of 1 cm2 applied to median, ulnar, radial, and c5-6 zygoapophyseal joint, The algometer will be mounted vertically and the pressure will be increased. Patients are asked to notify the investigator when they start to feel pain (pain threshold). For each measurement the algometer will be calibrated to enable force to be applied at a controlled and steady rate, the mean of three trials (intra-examiner reliability) will be calculated and used for main analysis. A 30 seconds resting period will be allowed between each measure. Both sides will be assessed and compared. Abnormal pressure pain threshold is at least 2 kg/cm2 different than that of the opposite site. The lower the value perceived, the worse the threshold, while the higher the value perceived, the better the threshold.

Pressure will be induced using a pressure algometer (PainTest™ FPN 100 Algometer (Wagner Instruments, Greenwich, USA)) with a flat circular metal probe dressed in a rubber cover with a surface area of 1 cm2 applied to median, ulnar, radial, and c5-6 zygoapophyseal joint, The algometer will be mounted vertically and the pressure will be increased. Patients are asked to notify the investigator when they start to feel pain (pain threshold). For each measurement the algometer will be calibrated to enable force to be applied at a controlled and steady rate, the mean of three trials (intra-examiner reliability) will be calculated and used for main analysis. A 30 seconds resting period will be allowed between each measure. Both sides will be assessed and compared. Abnormal pressure pain threshold is at least 2 kg/cm2 different than that of the opposite site. The lower the value perceived, the worse the threshold, while the higher the value perceived, the better the threshold.

Pressure will be induced using a pressure algometer (PainTest™ FPN 100 Algometer (Wagner Instruments, Greenwich, USA)) with a flat circular metal probe dressed in a rubber cover with a surface area of 1 cm2 applied to median, ulnar, radial, and c5-6 zygoapophyseal joint, The algometer will be mounted vertically and the pressure will be increased. Patients are asked to notify the investigator when they start to feel pain (pain threshold). For each measurement the algometer will be calibrated to enable force to be applied at a controlled and steady rate, the mean of three trials (intra-examiner reliability) will be calculated and used for main analysis. A 30 seconds resting period will be allowed between each measure. Both sides will be assessed and compared. Abnormal pressure pain threshold is at least 2 kg/cm2 different than that of the opposite site. The lower the value perceived, the worse the threshold, while the higher the value perceived, the better the threshold.

Boston carpal tunnel syndrome questionnaire is a disease-specific measure of self-reported symptom severity and functional status. It is frequently used in the reporting of outcomes from trials into interventions for carpal tunnel syndrome. Boston carpal tunnel syndrome questionnaire contains two sub-scales: symptom severity scale (11 items) and functional status scale (8 items). Scoring instructions: add the numbers corresponding to all answers and divide by the number of questions answered. Composite score (round to nearest 1/100th). The scores of symptom severity scale is ranged from 1-5, where, score 1 indicates no pain and score 5 indicates very severe pain. The scores of functional status scale is ranged from 1-5, where, score 1 indicates no difficulty and score 5 indicates cannot do at all due to hand or wrist.

Boston carpal tunnel syndrome questionnaire is a disease-specific measure of self-reported symptom severity and functional status. It is frequently used in the reporting of outcomes from trials into interventions for carpal tunnel syndrome. Boston carpal tunnel syndrome questionnaire contains two sub-scales: symptom severity scale (11 items) and functional status scale (8 items). Scoring instructions: add the numbers corresponding to all answers and divide by the number of questions answered. Composite score (round to nearest 1/100th). The scores of symptom severity scale is ranged from 1-5, where, score 1 indicates no pain and score 5 indicates very severe pain. The scores of functional status scale is ranged from 1-5, where, score 1 indicates no difficulty and score 5 indicates cannot do at all due to hand or wrist.

Central sensitization inventory is a screening instrument for clinicians to help identify patients with central sensitivity syndrome. Central sensitization inventory consists of two parts. Part A, one is asked how often he/she experiences each symptom ("never, rarely, sometimes, often, or always"). Individual items are scored from "0" (never) to "4" (always), resulting in a total score range for all 25 items from "0" to "100." A score of 40 or higher indicates the presence of central sensitivity syndrome. Part B asked if one has been previously diagnosed with seven common central sensitivity syndrome diagnoses (tension headaches/migraines, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, restless leg syndrome, temporomandibular joint disorder, chronic fatigue syndrome, and multiple chemical sensitivities) and three central sensitization-related diagnoses (depression, anxiety/panic attacks, and neck injury). Central sensitization inventory B is for information only and is not scored.

Central sensitization inventory is a screening instrument for clinicians to help identify patients with central sensitivity syndrome. Central sensitization inventory consists of two parts. Part A, one is asked how often he/she experiences each symptom ("never, rarely, sometimes, often, or always"). Individual items are scored from "0" (never) to "4" (always), resulting in a total score range for all 25 items from "0" to "100." A score of 40 or higher indicates the presence of central sensitivity syndrome. Part B asked if one has been previously diagnosed with seven common central sensitivity syndrome diagnoses (tension headaches/migraines, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, restless leg syndrome, temporomandibular joint disorder, chronic fatigue syndrome, and multiple chemical sensitivities) and three central sensitization-related diagnoses (depression, anxiety/panic attacks, and neck injury). Central sensitization inventory B is for information only and is not scored.

Central sensitization inventory is a screening instrument for clinicians to help identify patients with central sensitivity syndrome. Central sensitization inventory consists of two parts. Part A, one is asked how often he/she experiences each symptom ("never, rarely, sometimes, often, or always"). Individual items are scored from "0" (never) to "4" (always), resulting in a total score range for all 25 items from "0" to "100." A score of 40 or higher indicates the presence of central sensitivity syndrome. Part B asked if one has been previously diagnosed with seven common central sensitivity syndrome diagnoses (tension headaches/migraines, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, restless leg syndrome, temporomandibular joint disorder, chronic fatigue syndrome, and multiple chemical sensitivities) and three central sensitization-related diagnoses (depression, anxiety/panic attacks, and neck injury). Central sensitization inventory B is for information only and is not scored.