Assessment of Endometrial Pattern and Sub-endometrial Vascularity in ICSI Outcome

Assessment of Endometrial Pattern and Sub-endometrial Vascularity in Prediction of Pregnancy Rate in ICSI

Despite constant progress in in vitro fertilization (IVF) techniques and ovarian stimulation, pregnancy and embryo implantation rates remain modest . The phenomenon of embryo implantation depends both on the embryo itself and on endometrial receptivity

A favorable uterine medium is necessary for embryo implantation, but endometrial receptivity can be negatively affected by ovarian stimulation . Study of endometrial receptivity is especially limited in the context of IVF cycles .

Biopsy of the endometrium cannot be considered during the treatment, and this has encouraged the development and use of ultrasonography and Doppler-like non-invasive methods to evaluate ovarian response to the stimulation and uterine receptivity .

Inclusion Criteria:

- Maternal age from 20 to 40 years. Women with BMI range from 20 - 35 Women diagnosed with primary infertility

Exclusion Criteria:

Maternal chronic medical disorder (diabetes mellitus or hypertension). Women diagnosed with autoimmune diseases or antiphospholipid syndrome