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Patients at the Orthodontic Department of University of Damascus Dental School will be examined and subjects who meet the inclusion criteria will be admitted then the initial diagnostic records (diagnostic gypsum samples - internal and external oral photographs as well as radiographic images) will be studied to ensure that the selection criteria are accurately matched.
The aim of this study is to compare three groups of patients with severe crowding of the upper anterior teeth:
At the end of leveling and aligning phase, we will compare the self-ligating brackets and traditional brackets ( the acceleration of teeth movement, dental and alveolar changes and other variables ) Also, there is an intention to study the effectiveness of using flapless corticotomy with the self-ligating brackets.
The sample of this study will be chosen according the following steps:
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Self-Ligating Brackets | Experimental | Patients will be treated using self-ligating brackets to achieve proper alignment of teeth |
|
| Self-Ligating Brackets with Corticotomy | Experimental | Patients will be treated using self-ligating brackets with corticotomy (alveolar cortical cuts) in order to accelerate orthodontic treatment. |
|
| Traditionally-Ligated Brackets | Active Comparator | Patients in this group will be treated using traditionally-ligated brackets to achieve proper alignment of teeth |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Self-Ligating Brackets | Device | These brackets can be opened and closed through the use of a sliding cap embedded into the design of these brackets. There is no need to use elastic modules to ligate the arch. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Duration of Alignment | The time required in days will be calculated from the beginning of treatment till the end of the alignment stage | This variable is going to be measured at the end of the alignment stage (i.e. expected to occur within four to six months) |
| Change in Little's Index | The irregularity of the upper and lower incisors is calculated by measuring the amount of deviation of the anatomic contact points between the six incisors in the horizontal direction in mm, since the sum of these measurements represents the value of the index (Little, 1975). The more the score is, the more crowded the case is. | T0: one day before the beginning of treatment; T1: after one month; T2: after two months; T3: after three months; T4: after four months; T5: at the end of the alignment stage (which is expected to occur within 4 to 6 months) |
| Change in inter-canine width lingually | The distance between the most lingual points on the lingual surface of the canines on the upper dental arch. This will be measured on plaster models. | T1: One day before the beginning of treatment; T2: at the end of the alignment stage (is expected within four to six months) |
| Change in inter-canine width | The distance between the cusp tips of the upper canines. This variable will be measured on plaster models. | T1: One day before the beginning of treatment; T2: at the end of the alignment stage (is expected within four to six months) |
| Change in Canine Rotation Angle | It is calculated by the angle formed between the median palatine suture and the line passing through the two medial and lateral contact points of the canine. | T1: One day before the beginning of treatment; T2: at the end of the alignment stage (is expected within four to six months) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Heba Al-Ibrahim, DDS | MSc student at the Orthodontic Department, University of Damascus Dental School, Damascus, Syria | Principal Investigator |
| Mohammad Y Hajeer, DDS MSc PhD | Associate Professor of Orthodontics, University of Damascus Dental School, Damascus, Syria | Study Chair |
| Issam Khoury, DDS MSc PhD | Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, University of Damascus Dental School, Damascus, SYRIA | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Orthodontics, University of Damascus Dental School | Damascus | DM20AM18 | Syria |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 29101414 | Background | Yang X, Xue C, He Y, Zhao M, Luo M, Wang P, Bai D. Transversal changes, space closure, and efficiency of conventional and self-ligating appliances : A quantitative systematic review. J Orofac Orthop. 2018 Jan;79(1):1-10. doi: 10.1007/s00056-017-0110-4. Epub 2017 Nov 3. | |
| 27095145 | Background | Yang X, Su N, Shi Z, Xiang Z, He Y, Han X, Bai D. Effects of self-ligating brackets on oral hygiene and discomfort: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Int J Dent Hyg. 2017 Feb;15(1):16-22. doi: 10.1111/idh.12220. Epub 2016 Apr 20. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D059745 | Piezosurgery |
| D002541 | Cerebral Decortication |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D059708 | Ultrasonic Surgical Procedures |
| D013514 | Surgical Procedures, Operative |
| D019635 | Neurosurgical Procedures |
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|
| Traditionally-Ligated Brackets | Device | These brackets are used in the conventional manner, where the orthodontist is obliged to use elastic modules to engage the arch into the slot of the bracket. |
|
|
| Corticotomy | Procedure | Corticotomy without flap elevations will be performed in order to induce acceleration in tooth movement during the orthodontic treatment in only one group. |
|
|
| Change in Lateral Incisor Rotation Angle | It is calculated by the angle formed between the median palatine suture and the line passing through the two medial and lateral contact points of the lateral incisor. | T1: One day before the beginning of treatment; T2: at the end of the alignment stage (is expected within four to six months) |
| Change in Central Incisor Rotation Angle | It is calculated by the angle formed between the median palatine suture and the line passing through the two medial and lateral contact points of the central incisor. | T1: One day before the beginning of treatment; T2: at the end of the alignment stage (is expected within four to six months) |
| 28224175 | Background | Yang X, He Y, Chen T, Zhao M, Yan Y, Wang H, Bai D. Differences between active and passive self-ligating brackets for orthodontic treatment : Systematic review and meta-analysis based on randomized clinical trials. J Orofac Orthop. 2017 Mar;78(2):121-128. doi: 10.1007/s00056-016-0059-8. Epub 2017 Feb 21. |
| 29103440 | Background | Qamruddin I, Alam MK, Mahroof V, Fida M, Khamis MF, Husein A. Effects of low-level laser irradiation on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and associated pain with self-ligating brackets. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2017 Nov;152(5):622-630. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.03.023. |
| 27761668 | Background | Nahas AZ, Samara SA, Rastegar-Lari TA. Decrowding of lower anterior segment with and without photobiomodulation: a single center, randomized clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci. 2017 Jan;32(1):129-135. doi: 10.1007/s10103-016-2094-5. Epub 2016 Oct 20. |
| 27484605 | Background | Hassan SE, Hajeer MY, Alali OH, Kaddah AS. The Effect of Using Self-ligating Brackets on Maxillary Canine Retraction: A Split-mouth Design Randomized Controlled Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2016 Jun 1;17(6):496-503. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1879. |
| 27129491 | Background | Charavet C, Lecloux G, Bruwier A, Rompen E, Maes N, Limme M, Lambert F. Localized Piezoelectric Alveolar Decortication for Orthodontic Treatment in Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Dent Res. 2016 Aug;95(9):1003-9. doi: 10.1177/0022034516645066. Epub 2016 Apr 29. |
| 21478298 | Background | Wahab RM, Idris H, Yacob H, Ariffin SH. Comparison of self- and conventional-ligating brackets in the alignment stage. Eur J Orthod. 2012 Apr;34(2):176-81. doi: 10.1093/ejo/cjq179. Epub 2011 Apr 8. |
| 18929262 | Background | Scott P, DiBiase AT, Sherriff M, Cobourne MT. Alignment efficiency of Damon3 self-ligating and conventional orthodontic bracket systems: a randomized clinical trial. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2008 Oct;134(4):470.e1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2008.04.018. |