Background: The adequacy of the artificial Nutritional Support (NS) in the critical care patient has implications in morbidity and prognosis. Clinical practice guidelines (CPG) are an important tool for healthcare professionals in their daily practice and a method of consultation for the correct treatment of patients. Also, the evidence remains low and there are important controversies regarding the NS in the critical care patient.

Hypothesis: The NS generates great controversy in the professionals involved in the care of critical care patients due to the contradictory results in literature. Despite this, the CPG should serve to standardize the treatment of patients and provide a better adherence to current knowledge in this setting. The importance of NS is underestimated and there is a need to perform proper evaluation of the impact of nutrition.

Objectives: To evaluate and analyze NS practices in critically ill patients in different ICUs and assess the adherence to CPGs. To evaluate the relationship of nutrition and outcomes in the ICU.

Methodology: Prospective multicenter observational study. Collection of variables from different participating ICUs and the characteristics of the NS of the different admitted patients. Monitoring of nutritional practices and complications. Evaluation of outcomes (e.g. mortality, ICU complications, etc.) with NS.

Expected results: Better understanding of the NS and its impact on morbidity and mortality; development of strategies to reduce low adherence to CPGs, improving the quality of care associated with this field in critical care patients; obtain clinical information that will serve as a basis for conducting intervention studies.

Methods (additional information): The NS (Nutritional Support) in the ICUs will be administered according to the usual practice of the medical and nursing staff and to the protocols established in each unit. The rate of initiation, the dose of macronutrients and the increase in contributions will be made according to the criteria of each participating ICU and the responsible physician (including the use of prokinetics or parenteral nutrition).

All the complications described associated with the artificial Nutritional support and others related to the critical patient will be evaluated daily by the research team and reflected in the electronic data collection form (eCRF).

The eCRF has been carried out through the REDCAP ™ platform and designed by the Department of Information Technology of Lleida of the Universitari Arnau de Vilanova Hospital, under the supervision of Dr. Lluís Servià, principal investigator of the present project. The responsible of the computer centre is Joan Escobar-Ortiz. The data will be stored in a server of the center and will be coded to comply with the confidentiality of the same and for a correct anonymization of patients based on Regulatory Laws.

The study has the approval of each ethics committee of each participating centre.

Statistical analyses will be performed by the department of statistics of University of Lleida under close supervision of Javier Trujillano-Cabello and the principal investigators of the present study.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age >18 years old.
• Need of ICU admission >72h.
• Need of Artificial Nutrional Support (Enteral Nutrition or Parenteral Nutrition or both).

Exclusion Criteria:

• Not specific exclusion criteria.

Adult Critical Care patients needing Artificial Nutritional Support

Data will be analyzed by the principal investigators of each participating hospital. Share IPD is not allowed in the present study to other researchers.